摘要
围绕性别分工、性别观念与婚姻满意度的关系,现有文献欠缺夫妻双方的分析视角和互动情境的问题意识。本文使用2020年中国家庭追踪调查的数据,构建情境视角下的分析框架,以考察经济和家务维度的性别分工实践以及夫妻性别观念互动如何共同形塑婚姻满意度。研究发现:首先,“男人养家,女人持家”的传统分工无法达成两性满意的婚姻,当代中国女性要求丈夫既能挣钱养家也能分担家务,男性虽然要求妻子操持家务,但也看重妻子的经济贡献。其次,基于夫妻双方性别观念的交织对观念互动进行分类,性别观念冲突的类型不利于提升婚姻满意度,个体对配偶经济贡献和家务贡献的重视程度随互动类型而变化,“丈夫现代—冲突型”中夫妻对彼此承担经济责任的要求存在矛盾,表明分工实践与观念互动交互作用于婚姻感受。最后,与性别分工实践相比,夫妻间性别观念契合对中国夫妻婚姻满意度而言更为重要,同时需要关注两种影响在不同婚姻队列和城乡地区间存在的异质性。
There is a lack of attention in the existing literature to interactive situations regarding the relationship between gendered divi-sion of labor,gender ideology,and marital satisfaction.Using data from the China Family Panel Studies in 2020,this study develops an analytical framework from the situational perspective to examine the influences of gendered division of labor and the interaction between spousal gender attitudes on marital satisfaction.It reveals that,firstly,the traditional model that"men as breadwinners,and women as homemakers"cannot meet the needs of a satisfying marriage.Contemporary Chinese women require their husbands to both earn money and share housework.While men still expect their wives to do housework,they value their wives'economic contributions.Secondly,the interaction between spousal gender attitudes is noted and can be classified based on the degree by which the spousal attitudes converge and/or diverge.Couples with conflicting attitudes are not conducive to a satisfying marriage.The interaction of spousal gender attitudes,henceforth,affects differences in their views of each other's economic and housework contributions.Also,when there is a contradiction between spouses'requirements for each other to bear economic responsibilities,both the division of labor and the mutual influences of spousal gender attitudes affect marital satisfaction even if the husband holds more equitable gender attitudes.Lastly,compared with the gendered division of labor,the consistency between spousal gender attitudes is more important for marital satisfaction.However,we find heterogeneity of effects across marital cohorts in urban versus rural areas.
作者
姜凤姝
刘爱玉
JIANG Feng-shu;LIU Ai-yu(Department of Sociology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;The Center for Sociological Research and Development Studies of China,Peking University,Bejing 100871,China)
出处
《妇女研究论丛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第6期20-39,共20页
Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“当代中国社会转型期的不稳定工作与性别观念的重塑”(项目编号:21BSH080)的阶段性成果。
关键词
婚姻满意度
性别分工实践
性别观念互动
夫妻互动情境
marital satisfaction
gendered division of labor
mutual influences of spousal gender attitudes
interactive situations
