摘要
低蛋白质饲粮减少了豆粕等蛋白质饲料原料的用量,以补充合成氨基酸的方式,精准满足猪快速、健康生长对氨基酸营养的需求,是养猪节粮增效的关键适用技术。合成氨基酸无需经过消化便可直接以游离单体形式出现在胃肠道中,而主要能量底物葡萄糖则需要经过复杂的胃肠道消化才能从淀粉中脱离出来。因此,猪在采食低蛋白质饲粮后易出现“能氮失衡”的情况。能量是一切生命活动的基础,氨基酸与葡萄糖在消化吸收中的异步性降低了猪对饲粮中氨基酸组分的利用效率。本文综述了碳氮适配技术起源、淀粉组成对消化的影响以及氨基酸与葡萄糖适配(消化道中氨基酸和葡萄糖同步吸收)等的研究进展,以期为猪的低蛋白质饲粮相关研究及应用提供一定的参考和帮助。
The reduced usage of protein feedstuffs such as soybean meal in low-protein diets,which are supplemented with synthetic amino acids to precisely meet the amino acid nutritional needs for rapid and healthy growth of pigs,is a key applicable technology for improving pig feeding efficiency and saving feed grain.Synthetic amino acids can directly appear in the gastrointestinal tract in the form of free monomers without digestion,while the main energy substrate,glucose,needs to go through complex gastrointestinal digestion to be released from starch.Therefore,pigs tend to experience“energy-nitrogen imbalance”after consuming low-protein diets.Energy is the foundation of all life activities,and the asynchronous of amino acid and glucose digestion and absorption reduces the utilization efficiency of amino acid components in pig diets.In this paper,the origin of carbohydrate-protein adaptation technology,the effect of starch composition on digestion,and the adaptation of amino acids and glucose(simultaneous absorption of amino acids and glucose in the digestive tract)were reviewed,in order to provide some reference and help for the research and application of low protein diets in pigs.
作者
李晟铠
时梦
吴春阳
周俊言
LI Shengkai;SHI Meng;WU Chunyang;ZHOU Junyan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期7533-7543,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划项目“畜禽低蛋白低豆粕多元化饲粮配制与节粮技术”(2022YFD1300500)
北京农学院科技创新“火花行动”支持计划(BUA-HHXD2023)
国家自然科学基金青年项目“饲粮碳氮消化协同性调控猪肠道氨基酸吸收与代谢的动态规律研究”(32302797)
现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC08-2024)。
关键词
低蛋白质饲粮
碳氮适配
淀粉
蛋白质
猪
low-protein diets
carbohydrate-protein adaptation
starch
protein
pigs
