摘要
数据本地化是全球数据治理领域的重要议题之一。欧盟、俄罗斯和印度在跨境数据流动中都设有数据本地化要求,其中欧盟推行的是开放式的数据本地化,俄罗斯和印度分别执行的是宽松的数据本地化模式与严苛的数据本地化模式。基于欧盟、俄罗斯和印度3个地区的对比研究,结论如下:三方都重视对数据进行分类分级管理,且都成立了专门的数据监管机构;欧盟和俄罗斯在实施数据本地化要求的同时都较为重视国际合作以此协调与其他国家或地区的数据政策立场;印度在数字治理领域的国际合作方面持较为保守立场,但为了增强数字经济实力,以及受地缘政治等因素影响,走向合作治理是印度未来的发展方向。结合中国数据本地化的实际情况,研究发现给中国数据本地化政策的制定与完善带来以下启示:推进跨境数据分级分类,增强数据本地化的针对性、发挥跨境数据的监管实效,降低数据本地化风险、推动数据治理国际合作,平衡数据本地化与数字经济发展。
Data localisation is one of the important topics in the field of global data governance.The European Union(EU),Russia,and India all have localisation requirements for cross-border data flows,with the EU implementing open data localisation,and Russia and India implementing a relaxed data localisation model and a strict data localisation model,respectively.Based on the comparative study of these three regions,this paper argues that all three parties attach importance to the classification and hierarchical management of data,and all of them have established special data regulators.Both the EU and Russia attach more attention to international cooperation while implementing data localization requirements to coordinate their data policy positions with other countries or regions.India has a more conservative stance on international cooperation in the field of digital governance,but in order to enhance the strength of the digital economy and is affected by geopolitical and other factors,India's future development direction is to move towards cooperative governance.Combined with the actual situation of data localisation in China,the tripartite data localisation policy of the European Union,Russia,and India have many implications for the formulation and improvement of China's data localisation policy:promoting the classification of cross-border data,enhancing the pertinence of data localisation,giving full play to the regulatory effectiveness of cross-border data,reducing the risk of data localisation,promoting international cooperation in data governance,and balancing data localisation and the development of the digital economy.
作者
梁宇
Liang Yu(School of Marxism of UESTC,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China)
出处
《科技管理研究》
CSSCI
2024年第22期21-27,共7页
Science and Technology Management Research
基金
四川省哲学社会科学基金马克思主义理论研究和建设工程项目“网络信息安全教育融入高校思想政治理论课研究”(SCJJ23MGC41)
电子科技大学引进骨干教师科研启动项目“全球数据治理中美式‘数字霸权’的危害与应对研究”(Y030232059002032)。
