摘要
本文对近年来原发性膜性肾病(PMN)的发病机制进行了阐述,包括遗传因素、抗原、环境因素、肠道菌群等方面的最新发现,旨在为深入理解PMN的病理生理过程及潜在治疗靶点提供参考依据。在遗传因素方面,研究发现了与PMN的发病风险及预后相关的基因位点,如磷脂酶A2受体(PLA2R)和人类白细胞抗原(HLA)。关于PMN抗原,本文主要阐述了PLA2R、抗血小板反应蛋白1型结构域7A(THSD7A)、中性内肽酶(NEP)、PMN新抗原和外源性抗原在膜性肾病诊断及治疗中的作用。此外,环境因素如空气污染、重金属和有机污染物暴露、肠道菌群的变化等也可能与PMN的发病密切相关。综合研究结果为PMN的诊断和治疗提供了新思路。
This article reviews the pathogenesis of primary membranous nephropathy(PMN)in recent years,en‐compassing the latest findings of genetic,antigenic,environmental factors,and intestinal flora,etc.,so as to pro‐vide a reference for further comprehension of the pathophysiological process and potential therapeutic targets as‐sociated with PMN.In terms of genetic factors,the study identifies gene loci associated with the risk and progno‐sis of PMN,such as phospholipase A2 receptor(PLA2R)and human leukocyte antigen(HLA).Regarding PMN antigens,this paper elaborates on PLA2R,thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A(THSD7A),neutral en‐dopeptidase(NEP),PMN neoantigen,and exogenous antigens in the diagnosis and treatment for membranous ne‐phropathy.In addition,environmental factors such as air pollution,exposure to heavy metals and organic pollut‐ants,and changes in gut microbiota may also be closely related to the incidence of PMN.The findings from this study offer innovative insights for the diagnosis and treatment of PMN.
作者
刘佳宁
朱俊杰
刘云
岑涛
张丽娥
农清清
LIU Jianing;ZHU Junjie;LIU Yun;CEN Tao;ZHANG Li’e;NONG Qingqing(School of Public Health,Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China)
出处
《广西医科大学学报》
CAS
2024年第12期1671-1676,共6页
Journal of Guangxi Medical University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.42367063)
广西自然基金资助项目(No.2023GXNSFBA026109)
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(No.202210598037)。
关键词
膜性肾病
遗传
抗原
环境
肠道菌群
membranous nephropathy
genetics
antigens
environment
gut microbiota
