摘要
中国是世界最大的苹果生产国,品质是苹果质量最重要的评价指标,传统的品质检测方法费时、费力且具有破坏性,特别是对果实内部品质难以实现规模化检测和品质等级划分,开展苹果品质快速、无损检测技术研究是实现中国苹果产业高质量发展的迫切需求。高光谱成像技术融合了传统成像技术和光谱分析技术,能够获取大量包含连续波长信息的图像块,提供关于待测目标的光谱和图像信息,光谱信息可用于对水果内部品质的检测,图像信息则可检测水果的外部品质,是近年来发展迅速的一项果品品质无损检测技术。为了进一步了解国内外高光谱成像技术在苹果品质检测中应用的研究进展,简介了高光谱成像技术的基本原理和常用的数据处理方法,综述了高光谱技术在苹果内外部品质检测上的应用,如可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、硬度、含水量等内部品质,损伤与缺陷、病虫害、农药残留等外部品质,最后指出了目前该技术在应用过程中存在的问题,并展望了该技术未来在苹果上的发展趋势,以期为今后苹果品质快速、无损检测提供新的思路。
Apple is one of the most important fruit trees in the world.The external quality of apples,in-cluding color,size,peel damage,defects,etc.,is the most direct feature that affects whether consumers buy or not,and the internal quality including soluble solids,titratable acid,hardness,etc.,is essential to affect the nutritional value and sensory experience.Therefore,both internal and external qualities affect the market value of apples.It is very important to detect and evaluate the internal and external quality of apples after harvest.Traditional quality detection methods rely mainly on manual and instrumental methods,including mass spectrometry,high performance liquid chromatography,refractometry,and di-rect observation method.However,although these methods are highly precise,they have the disadvan-tages of being time-consuming,destructive,and difficult in detection on a large scale,especially detec-tion of external quality with the naked eye would be affected by subjectivity.Therefore,in order to re-duce the limitations of traditional methods in fruit quality detection,developing an accurate,rapid and non-destructive fruit quality analysis method for quality detection and grading is essential.In recent years,non-destructive detecting has been widely used in fruit quality detection.At present,the common-ly used non-destructive detecting technologies include near-infrared detection technology,fluorescence imaging detection technology,hyperspectral imaging technology,etc.Compared with the first two meth-ods,hyperspectral imaging technology not only combines imaging technology with spectral technology,but can also obtain two-dimensional spatial information and one-dimensional spectral data at the same time,which consequently enables obtaining multiple dimension information with higher resolution.The image information obtained by hyperspectral imaging technology can be used to detect and evaluate the external quality,while the spectral information can be used to detect the internal quality.Therefore,hy-perspectral imaging technology is expected to achieve non-destructive and accurate measurement and evaluation of the internal and external quality of apples.So far,various studies have been reported on the application of hyperspectral imaging technology to the quality detection of apples,and the feasibili-ty of this technology in the non-destructive detecting technology of apple quality has been preliminarily confirmed.In order to deeply explore the research progress of hyperspectral imaging technology in ap-ple quality detection and make hyperspectral imaging technology more widely used,this paper first in-troduced the basic components of hyperspectral system,imaging principles,and common methods of data processing in research.Secondly,the application progress of hyperspectral imaging technology in assessing apple internal and external quality was reviewed.Finally,the current challenges in the field of hyperspectral imaging were discussed,and the future direction of the more extensive and integrated ap-plication of this technology in the future was proposed.The research progress in the application of hy-perspectral imaging technology in the internal and external quality of apples includes:(1)For internal quality,the technology can accurately quantify the soluble solids,firmness,and moisture content,which are essential for assessing flavor and ripeness.However,there are few studies on the prediction of titrat-able acids using hyperspectral imaging,which may be due to their lower levels in apple fruits.There-fore,future work can consider combining multiple technologies for further research.(2)In terms of ex-ternal quality,the hyperspectral imaging can detect the shape,size,color,surface defects,contaminants,pest and disease infestations,and pesticide residues of apples by analyzing two-dimensional spatial in-formation or combining image and spectral data,which is essential for post-harvest evaluation and grad-ing.In addition,some studies have shown that hyperspectral imaging can distinguish internal pests and diseases in transmission patterns,which is important to ensure consumer safety and satisfaction.Al-though many studies have confirmed the application prospects of the hyperspectral imaging in apple quality detection,there are still some challenges in the application of this technology,such as the differ-ent data processing methods used in different origins and varieties,the low robustness of the model,the high cost of the instrument,and the transition from laboratory to actual field use.Therefore,future work can improve the accuracy of the model through the combination of multiple technologies and the devel-opment of more refined algorithms,so as to provide a better reference for non-destructive detecting of apple quality.
作者
董聪颖
杨天意
陈谦
刘丽
肖雄
魏志峰
石彩云
邵亚杰
高登涛
DONG Congying;YANG Tianyi;CHEN Qian;LIU Li;XIAO Xiong;WEI Zhifeng;SHI Caiyun;SHAO Yajie;GAO Dengtao(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,CAAS,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Plan-ning,CAAS,Beijing 100081,China;Zhongyuan Research Center,CAAS,Xinxiang 453500,Henan,China;Institute of Western Agricul-ture,CAAS,Changji 831100,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第12期2582-2594,共13页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
河南省重点研发专项(241111113500)
河南省科技攻关项目(232102110036)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610192023105)。
关键词
苹果品质
高光谱成像技术
无损检测
Apple quality
Hyperspectral imaging techniques
Non-destructive detecting
