摘要
Vector structured beams(VSBs)offer infinite eigenstates and open up new possibilities for highcapacity optical and quantum communications by the multiplexing of the states.Therefore,the sorting and measuring of VSBs are extremely important.However,the efficient manipulations of a large number of VSBs have simultaneously remained challenging up to now,especially in integrated optical systems.Here,we propose a compact spin-multiplexed diffractive metasurface capable of continuously sorting and detecting arbitrary VSBs through spatial intensity separation.By introducing a diffractive optical neural network with cascaded metasurface systems,we demonstrate arbitrary VSBs sorters that can simultaneously identify Laguerre–Gaussian modes(l=−4 to 4,p=1 to 4),Hermitian–Gaussian modes(m=1 to 4,n=1 to 3),and Bessel–Gaussian modes(l=1 to 12).Such a sorter for arbitrary VSBs could revolutionize applications in integrated and high-dimensional optical communication systems.
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12274105)
the Heilongjiang Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.JQ2022A001)
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.HIT.OCEF.2021020)
the Joint Guidance Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.LH2023A006).
