摘要
为探究不同有机无机肥配施对小米氨基酸含量及营养品质的影响,采用随机区组试验设计,设置常规减氮(120(N_(1))和180 kg/hm^(2)(N_(2))),常规施氮(240(N_(3))和360 kg/hm^(2)(N_(4))),生物有机肥(A)和发酵黄粉虫粪(B)处理均各2个水平分别为3750(A_(1)、B_(1))、7500 kg/hm^(2)(A_(2)、B_(2))以及减氮配施有机肥(N_(1)A_(1)、N_(1)A_(2)、N_(2)A_(1)、N_(2)A_(2)和N_(1)B_(1)、N_(1)B_(2)、N_(2)B-1、N_(2)B_(2))处理,以不施肥为对照(CK),测定各处理小米中17种氨基酸含量,运用氨基酸比值系数法及多元统计法分析谷子氨基酸组成及含量的变化特征,并以联合国粮食及农业组织和世界卫生组织(FAO/WHO)氨基酸标准评价营养价值。结果表明:减氮配施有机肥各处理均可改善小米的氨基酸组成,显著提高必需氨基酸(EAA)含量(P<0.05),与FAO/WHO提出的全鸡蛋蛋白标准的贴近度为0.823~0.834。与CK相比,N_(2)A_(2)的小米鲜味氨基酸和甜味氨基酸含量分别增加6.47%和32.7%。与常规施氮(N_(4))相比,减氮配施有机肥处理(N_(1)A_(1)、N_(1)A_(2)、N_(1)B_(1)、N_(1)B_(2)、N_(2)A_(1)、N_(2)A_(2)、N_(2)B_(1)、N_(2)B_(2))EAA含量增加范围在13.79%~22.41%,贴近度增加3.26%~5.01%,EAA/TAA和EAA/NEAA分别接近0.400和0.600。综上,施用有机肥可以显著提高小米氨基酸含量,进而提升小米的营养价值,其中尿素180 kg/hm^(2)+生物有机肥或发酵黄粉虫粪7500 kg/hm^(2)处理(N_(2)A_(2)、N_(2)B_(2))的效果最佳。
In order to explore the effects of different combinations of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the amino acid content and nutritional value of foxtail millet,a randomized block experiment design was used in this study,and different treatments were set.The treatments were the conventional nitrogen reduction of 120(N_(1)),180 kg/hm^(2)(N_(2)),conventional nitrogen application of 240(N_(3)),360 kg/hm^(2)(N_(4)),biological organic fertilizer(A)and fermented mealworm excrements(B)including 2 levels of 3750(A_(1),B_(1))and 7500 kg/hm^(2)(A_(2),B_(2)),respectively,and the treatments of nitrogen reduction combined with organic fertilizer(N_(1)A_(1),N_(1)A_(2),N_(2)A_(1),N_(2)A_(2) and N_(1)B_(1),N_(1)B_(2),N_(2)B_(1),N_(2)B_(2)).No fertilization was taken as the control(CK).The content of 17 amino acids in millet of each treatment was measured,and the changing characteristics of composition and content of millet amino acid were analyzed by amino acid ratio coefficient method and multivariate statistical method.The nutritional value was evaluated through the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization(FAO/WHO)amino acid standards.The results showed that the treatments of nitrogen reduction combined with organic fertilizer significantly improved the composition of millet amino acid and significantly increased the content of essential amino acids(EAA),and its closeness to the whole egg protein standard proposed by FAO/WHO was between 0.823 and 0.834.Compared with CK,the content of fresh and sweet amino acids in millet of the N_(2)A_(2) treatment increased by 6.47% and 32.7%,respectively.Compared with conventional nitrogen application N_(4),the increasing range of EAA content in the treatments of nitrogen reduction combined organic fertilizer(N_(1)A_(1),N_(1)A_(2),N_(1)B_(1),N_(1)B_(2),N_(2)A_(1),N_(2)A_(2),N_(2)B_(1),N_(2)B_(2))was from 13.79% to 22.41%,with a closeness increase of 3.51% to 5.01%.EAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA were close to 0.400 and 0.600,respectively.In summary,the application of organic fertilizer significantly increased the millet amino acid content,thereby enhanced the nutritional value of millet.Among them,the treatment of 180 kg/hm^(2) of urea+7500 kg/hm^(2) of biological organic fertilizer or fermented yellow mealworm manure(N_(2)A_(2),N_(2)B_(2))had the best effect.
作者
杜慧平
赵丽洁
杜慧玲
李咏玲
DU Huiping;ZHAO Lijie;DU Huiling;LI Yongling(Journal Center,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;Shanxi Yuncheng Agricultural Vocational and Technical College,Yuncheng 044000,China;Basic Department,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《中国农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期155-169,共15页
Journal of China Agricultural University
基金
山西省重点研发计划(2022ZDYF119)
山西省科技创新人才队伍专项计划(202204051002036)
山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(2024CYJSTX04)
山西农业大学学术恢复专项(2020xshf42)
山西农业大学博士科研启动项目(20162210)。
关键词
谷子
施肥
氨基酸比值系数法
多元统计法
营养评价
foxtail millet
fertilization
amino acid ratio coefficient method
multivariate statistical method
nutritional evaluation
