摘要
Corrosion has always been a difficult problem that troubles and restricts the application and development ofengineering materials.By endowing coatings on metal surfaces with polymer material,it is possible to protect othermaterials from factors including acid and alkali,water vapor,bacteria.Therefore,it is necessary to summarize theresearch progress of polymer materials in the field of pollution and corrosion prevention in recent years.This articlesummarizes four types of polymer materials with good weather resistance:polyurethane(PU),polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS),polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF),and polyvinylidene chloride(PVDC).These four polymer materials aresuitable for making polymer anti-corrosion or anti-fouling materials and each has its own characteristics.PU can firmlyadhere to various substrates,effectively protecting and extending their lifespan,but the environmentally friendly varietiescurrently used,namely water-borne polyurethanes(WPU),generally have poor mechanical properties.PDMS is nontoxicand has excellent hydrophobicity,but its static anti-fouling ability is insufficient when applied in the field of antifouling.PVDF has good chemical resistance and high mechanical properties,good UV resistance making it suitable foroutdoor use like in the marine environment.However,PVDF lacks flexibility after molding and its manufacturing cost isrelatively high.PVDC has excellent water vapor barrier properties,but poor adhesion to metal material surfaces.Therefore,researchers need to modify these four polymers when using them to solve the problem of corrosion orbiofouling.The article will review the research progress of four types of polymers in recent years from the perspectivesof anti-corrosion,anti-fouling,and a strategy named as self-healing that is beneficial for protecting polymer surfacesfrom mechanical damage,and summarize the modification methods adopted by researchers when applying thesematerials.Finally,a summary of the application and the prospects of these polymer materials are presented.
腐蚀一直是困扰和制约工程材料应用和发展的难题。通过赋予金属表面一层高分子材料,可以保护其基材免受酸碱、水蒸气、细菌等腐蚀因素的影响。因此,有必要总结近年来聚合物材料在污染和防腐领域的研究进展。本文选择总结4种耐候性好的聚合物材料:聚氨酯(PU)、聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)、聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)和聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC)。这4种聚合物材料适用于制造聚合物防腐或防污材料,每种材料都有自己的特点。聚氨酯(PU)可以牢固地粘附在各种基材上,有效地保护和延长其使用寿命,但现在所推行的环保品种聚氨酯——水性聚氨酯(WPU)的机械性能相对较差。聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)无毒且具有优异的疏水性,但在防污领域应用时,其静态防污能力不足。聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)具有良好的耐化学品性和高机械性能,良好的抗紫外线性能使其适合户外环境如海洋等使用。然而,PVDF的制造成本略高且柔韧性不足。聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC)具有优异的水蒸气阻隔效果,但对金属材料表面附着性不好。因此,研究人员在使用这4种聚合物来解决腐蚀或生物污染问题时多对其进行改性。本文从防腐、防污和名为自修复的一种有利于保护聚合物表面免受机械损伤策略等角度回顾近年来4种聚合物的研究进展,总结了研究人员在应用这些材料时采用的改性方法。最后,对这些聚合物材料的应用和前景进行了总结。
作者
LYU Ren-jiang
WANG Nan
ZHANG Rui-yong
GAO Guang-tao
LI Sheng-xi
DUAN Ji-zhou
HOU Bao-rong
SAND Wolfgang
吕任江;王楠;张瑞永;高光涛;李晟熹;段继周;侯保荣;SAND Wolfgang(Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics,Ministry of Education,Qingdao University of Science&Technology,Qingdao 266042,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials,Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Institute of Marine Corrosion Protection,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanning 530007,China)
基金
Project(ZR2022QD001)supported by the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Youth Fund Project,China
Project(42306228)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
Project(2022CXPT027)supported by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China。
