摘要
目的分析2022—2023年北京市通州区流感病原学监测中甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒的血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)基因特性,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法对通州区2022—2023年流感病原学监测结果进行统计分析,选取不同时间分离到的34株甲型H3N2亚型流感毒株,进行HA基因扩增和测序,应用MEGA11进行HA基因的核苷酸和氨基酸变异分析,采用邻接法构建HA基因遗传进化树,在线预测N-糖基化位点,分析其基因变异和进化特征。结果2022—2023年共检测流感病原学监测样本3660件,流感病毒核酸阳性率为21.50%,其中甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒占比为57.81%。发热疫情样本共计4855件,流感病毒核酸阳性率为54.25%,其中甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒占比为61.50%。34株甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒的HA基因序列与疫苗株A/Darwin/9/2021相比,核苷酸相似度为97.00%~98.50%,氨基酸相似度为97.40%~98.10%。基因进化分析显示,2022—2023均分布在3c.2a1b.2a分支,2022年8—11月分离的14株毒株分布在1a.1亚分支,2023年2—3月分离的20株毒株则分布在2a.3a.1亚分支。与疫苗株相比,2022—2023年的34株毒株在4个抗原决定簇上(B、C、D和E)发生了多位点氨基酸变异,且在186和225位点上均发生了替换。2022年的14株毒株,增加了158NYTY位点,存在13个潜在糖基化位点,2023年的20株分离株122NESF糖基化位点丢失,共有12个潜在糖基化位点存在。结论2022—2023年,北京市通州区人群中流行的甲型H3N2亚型流感病毒分布在2个进化分支上,2023年3C.2a1b.2a.2a.3a.1分支取代了2022年3C.2a1b.2a.1a.1分支,成为流行株。及时分析流感病毒基因特性和进化趋势,对流感的防控有重要意义。
Objective To analyze the hemagglutinin(HA)gene characteristics of the influenza A(H3N2)virus from etiological surveillance in Tongzhou district of Beijing,during 2022-2023,and to provide a scientific basis for influenza prevention and control.Methods The results of influenza etiological surveillance in Tongzhou district from 2022-2023 were statistically analyzed.Thirty-four influenza A(H3N2)strains isolated at different times were selected for HA gene amplification and sequencing.The Neighbor-Joining method was used to construct the genetic evolutionary tree of HA gene,predict the N-glycosylation sites online,and analyze the gene variation and evolution characteristics.Results From 2022 to 2023,a total of 3660 influenza surveillance samples were tested,with a positive rate of 21.50%for influenza virus nucleic acid.Among these,influenza A(H3N2)virus accounted for 57.81%.Additionally,a total of 4855 samples were collected from fever outbreaks,and the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid was 54.25%,of which influenza A/H3N2 virus accounted for 61.50%.The nucleotide similarity of the HA gene sequences of the 34 H3N2 strains compared to the vaccine strain A/Darwin/9/2021 ranged from 97.00%to 98.50%,while the amino acid similarity ranged from 97.40%to 98.10%.Genetic evolution analysis showed that the 2022-2023 strains were distributed in the 3c.2a1b.2a branch.Fourteen strains isolated from August to November 2022 were distributed in the 1a.1 branch,while twenty strains isolated from February to March 2023 were distributed in the 2a.3a.1 branch.Compared to the vaccine strain,the 34 strains from 2022-2023 exhibited multiple amino acid variations at four antigenic sites(B,C,D and E),including substitutions at positions 186 and 225.The 14 strains from 2022 had an addition of the 158NYTY site,with 13 potential glycosylation sites,while the 20 strains from 2023 lost the 122NESF glycosylation site,leaving 12 potential glycosylation sites.Conclusions In 2022-2023,the influenza A(H3N2)virus circulating in the population of Tongzhou district,Beijing,was distributed across two evolutionary branches,with the 3c.2a1b.2a.3a.1 branch in 2023 replacing the 3c.2a1b.2a.1a.1 branch from 2022,becoming the dominant strain.Timely analysis of the genetic characteristics and evolutionary trends of the influenza virus is crucial for effective influenza prevention and control.
作者
张冲
邹林
佟玲
刘肖
杨丽丽
高翔
王芳
张猛
ZHANG Chong;ZOU Lin;TONG Ling;LIU Xiao;YANG Lili;GAO Xiang;WANG Fang;ZHANG Meng(Tongzhou District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 101100,China;不详)
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2024年第4期221-227,共7页
Capital Journal of Public Health
