摘要
目的了解青岛市城阳区老年人群认知功能障碍的现状及其影响因素,为老年痴呆的预防提供参考依据。方法于2022年4—10月,采用自制问卷、认知障碍自评量表(AD-8)、简明社区痴呆筛查量表(CSI-D)对青岛市城阳区≥65岁的4236例常住人口进行问卷调查。分析老年人群认知功能障碍的流行现状以及影响因素。结果AD-8、CSI-D认知功能障碍的检出率分别为6.78%和8.10%,AD-8和CSI-D均阳性者检出率为4.65%。与65岁~组比较,75岁~、≥80岁组患认知功能障碍风险的比值比(OR)为5.16、8.79(P<0.05);与文盲相比,小学、初中及以上文化水平者患认知功能障碍风险的OR为0.23、0.31(P<0.05);与从不锻炼相比,每周锻炼的老年人群患认知功能障碍风险的OR为0.97(P<0.05);与每周几次与子女见面相比,每月几次和每年几次与子女见面者患认知功能障碍风险的OR为1.98、2.18(P<0.05)。吸烟(OR=2.25,P<0.05)、饮酒(OR=2.07,P<0.05)、卒中(OR=2.56,P<0.05)、高血压(OR=5.48,P<0.05)、心脏病(OR=2.61,P<0.05)、糖尿病(OR=1.63,P<0.05)是影响老年人认知功能障碍的危险因素。结论青岛市城阳区老年人群认知功能障碍的检出率为4.65%。高龄、吸烟、饮酒、与子女互动少、不锻炼、高血压、糖尿病以及卒中病史增加老年人患认知功能障碍的风险,应针对上述危险因素采取预防干预措施,降低老年人患认知功能障碍的风险。
Objective To investigate the current status of cognitive impairment and possible influencing factors among the elderly population in Chengyang District,Qingdao,China,and to provide a reference for the prevention of senile dementia.Methods From April to October 2022,a self-made questionnaire,Ascertain Dementia 8-item Questionnaire(AD-8),and Community Screening Instrument-Dementia(CSI-D)were used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 4236 permanent residents aged≥65 years in Chengyang District,Qingdao.The prevalence of cognitive impairment and possible influencing factors were analyzed in the elderly population.Results The detection rates of cognitive impairment based on the AD-8 and CSI-D scales were 6.78%and 8.10%,respectively,with a detection rate of 4.65%for the patients with positive results of both AD-8 and CSI-D scales.Compared with the 65-years old group,the 75-years old group and the≥80 years old group had an OR value of 5.16 and 8.79,respectively,for the risk of cognitive impairment(P<0.05).Compared with the patients with illiteracy,the patients with an education level of primary school and junior high school or above had an OR value of 0.23 and 0.31,respectively,for the risk of cognitive impairment(P<0.05).Compared with the elderly patients who never took exercises,the elderly patients who took exercises weekly had an OR value of 0.97 for the risk of cognitive impairment(P<0.05).Compared with the patients who met with their children seve-ral times a week,the patients who met with their children several times a month or a year had an OR value of 1.98 and 2.18,respectively,for the risk of cognitive impairment(P<0.05).Smoking(OR=2.25,P<0.05),drinking(OR=2.07,P<0.05),stroke(OR=2.56,P<0.05),hypertension(OR=5.48,P<0.05),heart disease(OR=2.61,P<0.05),and diabetes(OR=1.63,P<0.05)were risk factors for cognitive impairment in the elderly.Conclusion The detection rate of cognitive impairment is 4.65%among the elderly population in Chengyang District of Qingdao.Old age,smoking,drinking,less interaction with children,lack of exercise,hypertension,diabetes,and stroke history can increase the risk of cognitive impairment in the el-derly.Preventive and intervention measures should be adopted based on these risk factors to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in the elderly.
作者
刘振静
王丽丽
王春霞
LIU Zhenjing;WANG Lili;WANG Chunxia(Qingdao Mental Health Center,Qingdao 266034,China)
出处
《青岛大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
2024年第5期767-770,共4页
Journal of Qingdao University(Medical Sciences)
基金
青岛市医药卫生科研指导项目(2022-WJZD161)。
关键词
认知功能障碍
影响因素分析
普查
老年人
cognitive dysfunction
root cause analysis
mass screening
aged
