摘要
为科学提出山地免耕饲用油菜在高海拔山区的最优栽培组合,本研究采用灰色关联度和逐步回归等分析方法,对玉溪市2019—2021年同一高海拔试点9个栽培因子组合的山地免耕饲用油菜农艺性状和产量效益进行对比分析。结果表明:(1)生育期随着播期的后移而缩短,后2个播期比第1个播期分别缩短10、20 d;(2)株高、单株有效角果数、单株鲜饲草重、实收鲜草产量4个性状随着播期的延后呈现出下降的趋势;(3)不同栽培组合饲草油菜产量与主要农艺因子关联度差异较大;(4)不同年度9个组合之间的鲜草产量有不同程度的差异;(5)油菜饲草产值效益随着播期的推迟呈现出明显下降的趋势。高海拔山区饲用油菜最优的栽培因子组合是9月20日播种+种植密度3.0×10~5~3.6×10~5株/hm^(2)+5叶期尿素施用量450~525 kg/hm^(2)。
In order to scientifically put forward the optimal cultivation factor combination of sowing density and fertilizer amount for no-tillage forage rape in mountainous areas,the agronomic traits and yield benefits of notill mountain forage rape with 9 cultivation factors combined in the same high-altitude pilot in Yuxi from 2019 to 2021 were compared using grey correlation degree and stepwise regression analysis methods.The results showed,(1)the growth period was shortened with the delay of sowing date,the growth period of the last two sowing dates were 10 d and 20 d shorter than that of the first date.(2)Plant height,effective number of corner fruits per plant,fresh forage weight per plant and yield of fresh harvested grass showed a decreasing trend with the delay of sowing date.(3)The correlation degree between forage yield and main agronomic factors was significantly different in different cultivation combinations.(4)The fresh grass yield of 9 combinations in different years had different degrees of difference.(5)With the delay of sowing date,the output value and benefit of rape forage grass showed an obvious decreasing trend.The optimal cultivation factor combination of forage rape in high altitude mountainous areas is sowing on September 20+planting density 3.0×105-3.6×105 plants/hm^(2)+urea application amount at 5 leaf stage 450-525 kg/hm^(2).
作者
杨进成
刘坚坚
何泉
张钟
刘英
史兰芬
李艳兰
胡新洲
王爱明
杨晓波
柏廷钰
李祥
普加富
柏跃才
YANG Jincheng;LIU Jianjian;HE Quan;ZHANG Zhong;LIU Ying;SHI Lanfen;LI Yanlan;HU Xinzhou;WANG Aiming;YANG Xiaobo;BAI Tingyu;LI Xiang;PU Jiafu;BAI Yuecai(Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100;Eshan Branch of Yuxi Tobacco Company,Eshan,Yunnan 653200;Yuxi Rural Economic Management Station,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100;Tadian Town Agriculture and Rural Comprehensive Service Center,Eshan,Yunnan 653200;Eshan County Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center,Eshan,Yunnan 653200)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2024年第32期37-43,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
云南省烟草公司玉溪分公司科技计划项目“峨山县烟油协同绿色增效关键技术研究与示范”(yxyC2023027)
云南省农业生产专项“玉溪市优质油菜单产提升技术示范”(ynnysC2023yx)。
关键词
山地饲用油菜
高海拔
栽培因子
灰色关联度和逐项回归分析
农艺性状
产量效益
mountain forage rape
high-altitude
cultivation factor
grey correlation degree and item by item regression analysis
agronomic character
yield benefit
