摘要
为探究移栽期后移对干旱寡雨条件下烤烟植株生长和烟叶品质的影响,本研究以K326为材料,当地常规移栽期(5月1日,T1)为参照,研究移栽期后移[(5月10日移栽,T2),(5月20日移栽,T3)]条件下烤烟生长、碳氮代谢关键酶活性、烟叶产质量的变化特征。结果表明,试验点2022年5至10月的降雨量分别为8.38、53.60、159.87、331.60、452.44、536.55 mm(移栽期呈干旱寡雨特征)。移栽期后移促进了烟株生长,与T1处理相比,T2和T3处理的株高分别提高8.13%和4.42%,茎围分别提高5.10%和17.02%,最大叶宽分别提高1.18%和9.62%。移栽期后移抑制烟株碳、氮代谢,与T1处理相比,T2、T3处理烟株蔗糖合成酶、硝酸还原酶活性降低。与常规移栽期相比,移栽期后移处理烟叶的产量和产值无显著差异,烟叶品质和烟叶感官质量得到提升,不同等级烤烟的常规化学成分(氯、钾、总氮含量和钾氯比)等指标均较满足优质烤烟的化学成分要求。综上,在云南地区前期干旱寡雨条件下,适当后移移栽期(即推迟至5月10日至20日)可以保障烟株的正常生长和烟叶品质。本研究结果为优质烟叶生产提供了理论依据。
To clarify the effects of delaying transplanting under drought and rainlesson the growth and product quality of tobacco,this study investigated the characteristics of tobacco growth,activities of key enzymes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism,and tobacco yield and quality under delaying transplanting condition(May 10th,T2 and May 20th,T3),using K326 as the material with the conventional transplanting period(May 1st,T1)as a reference.The monthly precipitations at the plot from May to October 2022 were 8.38,53.60,159.87,331.60,452.44,and 536.55 mm,respectively,indicating a period characterized by drought with low precipitation during the transplanting period.Delaying transplanting promoted the growth of tobacco:compared to T1,T2 and T3 were increased by 8.13%and 4.42%for the plant height,5.10%and 17.02%for stem circumference,and 1.18%and 9.62%for the maximum leaf width,respectively.Delaying transplanting reduced the activities of key enzymes such as sucrose synthase and nitrate reductase in tobacco.While had non-significant effect on tobacco yield,leaf delaying transplanting led to a significant enhancement of tobacco leaf quality,typical chemical constituents evaluated—such as chlorine,potassium,total nitrogen,and the potassium/chloride ratio—of all grades of tobacco met the requirements for high-quality tobacco,with sensory quality also showed improvement.Overall,appropriate delaying transplanting(i.e.to May 10^(th)—20^(th))can facilitate the growth of tobacco and the enhancement of tobacco leaf quality in Yunnan,an area characterized by drought with low rainfall in the early-stage of May.This study provides theoretical references for high-quality tobacco production.
作者
罗德香
朱奕璟
单蕖
李鑫磊
赵正雄
杨志娟
欧阳铖人
LUO Dexiang;ZHU Yijing;SHAN Qu;LI Xinlei;ZHAO Zhengxiong;YANG Zhijuan;OUYANG Chengren(College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201;College of Resource and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201;Yunnan Tobacco Company,Dali Prefecture Company,Dali,Yunnan 671000)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
北大核心
2025年第1期182-190,共9页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1901500)
云南省重大科技专项(202202AE090034)
大理州烟草公司项目(DLYC20022002)。
关键词
干旱寡雨
烤烟
移栽期
碳氮代谢
产量
drought with low rainfall
flue-cured tobacco
transplanting
carbon and nitrogen metabolism
yield
