摘要
目的为优化我国中药领域的创新态势和发展策略提供参考。方法通过incoPat专利数据库检索中国、日本和韩国截至2023年12月31日申请的中药相关专利数据。考察三国中药专利申请数量变化趋势,分析各自专利质量及技术领域构成分布,统计三国主要发明专利授权申请人,采用合享价值度评价三国中药专利的技术稳定性、技术先进性和保护范围等,比较专利价值。结果相关专利申请起始时间日本、韩国均为1981年,中国为1985年;中国专利(含专利合作条约专利)申请及授权数量均远多于日韩两国;中日韩数量最多的申请人类型分别为高校、企业、高校,且中国体现了产学研用结合的创新模式,日本更注重实用性和市场应用,韩国科研机构比重高于中国;三国构成比排名前3的专利授权领域一致,其后开始不同;专利授权率以韩国最高(43.94%)且较稳定,中国有效专利数最多(22153件)但有效率最低(9.62%),而韩国专利失效比例最低(54.48%);被引专利占比以日本较高,且质量较好;中国申请及授权专利的质量均低于日韩两国。结论建议我国重点发展高价值专利,优化技术布局、拓展应用领域,加强国际合作、促进技术交流,完善产学研用协同创新体系,以提升专利质量,促进国内中药领域的创新与发展。
Objective To provide a reference for optimizing the innovation situation and development strategies in the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in China.Methods The data on the TCM patents applied for by China,Japan,and Republic of Korea as of December 31,2023 were searched by the incoPat patent database.The changes in the quantity of TCM patent applications in the three countries were investigated,the patent quality and technical field composition in each country were analyzed,and the main applicants of authorized invention patents in the three countries were collected.The incoPat value degree was used to evaluate the technical stability,technical progressiveness and protection scope of TCM patents in the three countries to compare the patent value.Results The relevant patent application started in 1981 in Japan and Republic of Korea,while it started in 1985 in China.The quantities of patent(including patents in the patent cooperation treaty)application and authorization in China were much larger than those in Japan and Republic of Korea.The largest quantity of applicants in China,Japan and Republic of Korea were universities,enterprises,and universities,respectively;China formed the collaborative innovative mode of industry,university,research institution and healthcare sector,while Japan focused on the practicality and market application,and Republic of Korea had a higher proportion of research institutions than China.The top three fields of authorized patents in terms of composition ratio in the three countries were consistent,but the others were different.The patent authorization rate was the highest(43.94%)and relatively stable in Republic of Korea.China had the largest quantity of valid patents(22153 patents)but the lowest efficiency(9.62%),while Republic of Korea had the lowest patent invalidation rate(54.48%).The proportion of cited patents was higher in Japan,and the quality was better,while the quality of patent applications and authorizations in China was worse than that of Japan and Republic of Korea.Conclusion In order to improve the quality of patents and promote innovation and development in the TCM field in China,it is recommended that we should focus on developing high-value patents,optimize technology layout,expand application areas,strengthen international cooperation,promote technological exchanges,and improve the collaborative innovation system of industry,university,research institution and healthcare sector.
作者
许龙
徐敢
沈晶晶
XU Long;XU Gan;SHEN Jingjing(Certification Center for Licensed Pharmacist of National Medical Products Administration,Beijing,China 100061;School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing,China 102488;Patent Examination Cooperation<Beijing>Center of the Patent Office,China National Intellectual Property Administration,Beijing,China 100160)
出处
《中国药业》
CAS
2024年第22期1-7,共7页
China Pharmaceuticals
基金
中国药品监督管理研究会课题[2023-Y-Y-013]。
关键词
中药
专利申请
专利授权
创新态势
发展策略
中国
日本
韩国
traditional Chinese medicine
patent application
patent authorization
innovation situation
development strategy
China
Japan
Republic of Korea
