摘要
为了提高铁路轨道线形测量的效率,降低安全风险,结合西部某既有普速铁路提速改造项目,采用车载激光雷达技术,从系统设备制定、车载激光雷达配置、水准控制点加密和GNSS测量方案优化等几方面提升车载激光雷达高程测量精度。首先构建测量方案并实施轨道及铁路构筑物扫描,然后通过点云匹配建立特征点,解算WGS84线形坐标和RTK采集的特征点施工坐标成果的对应关系,构建坐标转换数学模型,再利用该模型将点云的坐标空间映射到设计的铁路施工独立空间坐标,之后通过软件提取轨道坐标及高程信息,进而实现车载激光雷达技术对铁路轨道线性的测量。结果表明:基于车载激光雷达扫描进行扩能铁路轨道线形测量,在水准点沿线按照四等水准精度间距加密至500 m左右,其高程精度可控制在2 cm之内,高程、百米标丈量及拨距获取质量可满足扩能铁路轨道线形测量精度要求。
In order to improve the efficiency of railway track profile measurement and reduce the safety risk,combined with the speed-up renovation project of an existing conventional railway in western China,this study adopted vehicle-borne lidar technology to improve the accuracy of vehicle-borne lidar elevation measurement from the aspects of system equipment selection,vehicle-borne lidar configuration,encryption of leveling control points and optimization of GNSS measurement scheme.The measurement scheme was constructed and the scanning of track and railway structures was carried out.Then,through point cloud matching,the corresponding relationship between the WGS84 linear coordinates collected by the feature point radar and the construction coordinates of the feature points collected by RTK was established,and the mathematical model of coordinate transformation was constructed.The model was used to map the coordinate space of the point cloud to the independent space coordinates of the designed railway construction project.Then,the track coordinates and elevation information were extracted by software,and the linear measurement of the railway track by the vehicle-borne lidar technology was realized.The results show that based on the vehicle-borne lidar scanning,the railway track profile measurement of the capacity expansion railway is encrypted to about 500 m according to the fourth-order leveling accuracy spacing along the leveling point.The elevation accuracy is conditionally controlled within 2 cm,and the elevation,100-meter standard measurement and dialing distance acquisition quality can meet the accuracy requirements of the railway track profile measurement of the capacity expansion railway.
作者
李明军
LI Mingjun(China Railway Design Corporation,Tianjin 300251,China)
出处
《铁道勘察》
2024年第5期73-77,共5页
Railway Investigation and Surveying
基金
中国铁路设计集团有限公司科研计划重点课题(721507)。
关键词
铁路
轨道线形
车载激光雷达技术
坐标转换
高程精度
railway
track line
vehicle-borne LiDAR Technology
coordinate transformation
elevation accuracy
