摘要
为通过施肥提高大理州植烟区‘KRK26’烟叶质量,选择大理州‘KRK26’烤烟品种为材料,评价‘KRK26’烟叶质量特征和土壤养分特性,并对两者之间关系进行相关分析和逐步回归分析。结果表明,大理州植烟区域‘KRK26’烟叶的还原糖和氯离子含量较适宜,香气质较细腻,香气量较丰富,余味微甜,燃烧性尚好,但总糖和烟碱含量稍偏高、总氮和钾离子含量稍偏低,且稍有刺激和枯焦、青杂气。4县(市)以大理市‘KRK26’烟叶的感官质量得分较高,但均存在总氮偏低和烟碱偏高,漾濞县、云龙县和永平县的总糖含量偏高,永平县钾离子含量偏低。植烟区域土壤的全磷、速效钾和有效硼含量缺乏,永平县和云龙县的交换性镁含量以及漾濞县的有机质和碱解氮含量缺乏。烟叶总糖与土壤交换性钙呈显著负相关,总氮与有效磷和交换性钙含量呈极显著正相关;烟叶香气质、香气量分别与土壤速效钾和有机质呈显著正相关和负相关,刺激性与有效磷和全钾含量呈显著相关性,杂气和灰色与土壤中微量元素呈显著正相关,且土壤有机质对香气量的影响大于全磷,土壤全钾对烟叶刺激性大于全磷,且均为直接负效应。对‘KRK26’烟叶质量影响贡献较大的土壤养分是有效磷、全钾、速效钾、有机质、交换性钙和交换性镁,应在适当施用氮肥的基础上增施磷肥、钾肥与适宜镁肥,同时关注锌肥、硼肥以及减少钙肥应用,提高‘KRK26’烟叶化学成分协调性和评吸品质。
In order to provide a theoretical basis for improving‘KRK26’tobacco leaves quality through fertilization,the Dali‘KRK26’tobacco was selected to measure the contents of basic components in tobacco and soil,the quality characteristics of‘KRK26’and soil nutrient characteristics were evaluated,and the relationship was analyzed by using correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis.The results showed that the content of reducing sugar and chloride of‘KRK26’was suitable,the aroma quality was delicate,the aroma was rich,the aftertaste was slightly sweet,and the flammability was good in tobacco leaves of Dali tobacco planting area.However,the content of total sugar and nicotine was slightly higher,the content of total nitrogen and potassium was slightly lower,and there was slightly irritating,dry and green impurities.The sensory quality score of‘KRK26’tobacco leaves in Dali was higher,but the content of total nitrogen was lower and nicotine was higher in 4 counties,meanwhile the content of total sugar of tobacco leaves was higher in Yangbi,Yunlong and Yongping,and the content of potassium was lower in Yongping.The contents of total phosphorus,available potassium and available boron in tobacco growing areas were deficient,and the contents of exchangeable magnesium in Yongping and Yunlong and the contents of organic matter and alkali hydrolysis nitrogen in Yangbi were deficient.At the same time,the total sugar of tobacco leaves was significantly negatively correlated with soil exchangeable calcium,and total nitrogen was significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus and exchangeable calcium.The aroma quality and aroma quantity of tobacco leaves were significantly positively correlated and negatively correlated with soil available potassium and organic matter,respectively.The irritation was significantly correlated with available phosphorus and total potassium.The miscellaneous gas and ash color were significantly positively correlated with trace elements in soil.Furthermore,the influence of soil organic matter on aroma was greater than the total phosphorus,and the effect of soil total potassium on irritation was greater than the total phosphorus,and both were direct negative effects.Therefore,the soil nutrients contributed greatly to the quality of‘KRK26’tobacco leaves were available phosphorus,total potassium,available potassium,organic matter,exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium.It is suggested to increase the application of phosphate fertilizer,potassium fertilizer and suitable magnesium fertilizer on the basis of appropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer,pay attention to zinc fertilizer,boron fertilizer and reduce the application of calcium fertilizer,so as to improve the chemical composition coordination and smoking quality of‘KRK26’tobacco leaves.
作者
杨艳
赵伟金
谢益燕
马骏洁
彭仁
杨德海
郑仕方
孙永华
李晓婷
李先才
YANG Yan;ZHAO Weijin;XIE Yiyan;MA Junjie;PENG Ren;YANG Dehai;ZHENG Shifang;SUN Yonghua;LI Xiaoting;LI Xiancai(Dali Cigarette Factory of Hongta Group,Dali,Yunnan 671000;Yunnan Wooja Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650106)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2024年第25期132-139,共8页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司“红塔大理原料基地KRK26品种适应性及配套技术研究项目”(HTDL-2020-0198)。
关键词
大理
烤烟‘KRK26’
土壤养分
化学成分
感官质量
施肥策略
相关性分析
逐步回归分析
Dali
flue-cured tobacco of‘KRK26’
soil nutrients
chemical components
sensory quality
fertilization strategy
correlation analysis
stepwise regression analysis
