摘要
揭示水库变动回水区鱼类产卵场栖息地适宜性变化的规律,确定水库变动回水区鱼类产卵场栖息地生态流量阈值及保护调控的方法,为鱼类产卵场栖息地保护提供参考与借鉴。以三峡变动回水区的广阳-石沱江段为研究区域,选取四大家鱼、铜鱼、长鳍吻鮈、圆筒吻鮈和中华金沙鳅等8种产漂流性卵鱼类为研究对象,通过鱼类产卵场栖息地模拟,在耦合8种鱼类生态需求的基础上计算生态流量阈值,并制定相应的调控策略。结果表明,三峡水库在145、150、155、160、165 m和天然情形下变动回水区最小生态流量分别为:6543、7130、9943、13713、17603、6106 m^(3)/s;最大生态流量分别为:17028、17526、23110、28291、29858、15753 m^(3)/s;最适生态流量分别为10002、10916、14479、18810、23226、9365 m^(3)/s,上、下阈值分别为13515、14221、18794、23550、26542、12559 m^(3)/s;8272、9023、12211、16262、20414、7736 m^(3)/s。流量较小时,一定流量范围内,降低水位有利于增加加权可利用面积(AWU);流量较大时,流量增加到一定值后,增加水位有利于增加AWU;而流量在两者之间时,可参考研究结果中的水位及生态流量阈值进行调控决策。
This study identified changes in habitat suitability in the spawning grounds of the fluctuating backwater area of Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR),and general methods for measuring ecological flow thresholds that protect spawning grounds.The aim of the research was to provide a reference for protecting spawning ground habitat in the fluctuating backwater area of reservoirs and ecological scheduling of reservoirs.The Guangyang-Shituo River section of the fluctuating backwater area in the Three Gorges Reservoir was selected for research,and is highly impacted by the operation of Three Gorges Dam.Eight typical fish species with drifting eggs were the research subjects,including the four major Chinese carps,Coreius heterodon,Rhinogobio ventralis,Rhinogobio cylindricu,and Jinshaia sinensis.Firstly,we calculated the ecological flow thresholds by simulating the habitats of fish spawning grounds and coupling the ecological needs of the eight fish species for spawning,and then regulation strategies were formulated.Results show that the minimum ecological flow at impoundment levels of 145,150,155,160 and 165 m and natural condition were 6543,7130,9943,13713,17603 and 6106 m^(3)/s,and the maximum ecological flow were 17028,17526,23110,28291,29858 and 15753 m^(3)/s,respectively.The most suitable ecological flows for the four major Chinese carps,C.heterodon,R.ventralis,R.cylindricu,and J.sinensis at impoundment levels of 145,150,155,160 and 165 m and natural condition were 10002,10916,14479,18810,23226 and 9365 m^(3)/s,respectively,with the upper thresholds of the most suitable ecological flows of 13515,14221,18794,23550,26542,12559 m^(3)/s and lower thresholds of the most suitable ecological flows of 8272,9023,12211,16262,20414,7736 m^(3)/s.Furthermore,when the flow is small and within a certain flow range,lowering the water level is beneficial for increasing the weighted usable area(AWU);When the flow is high,increasing the water level is beneficial for increasing AWU after the flow reaches a certain value;When the flow is between the two flows,the water level and ecological flow threshold in this study can be referred for regulatory decision-making.
作者
易燃
陈小娟
杨志
陶江平
戴凌全
郜星晨
刘宏高
朱其广
徐薇
曹俊
YI Ran;CHEN Xiao-juan;YANG Zhi;TAO Jiang-ping;DAI Ling-quan;GAO Xing-chen;LIU Hong-gao;ZHU Qi-guang;XU Wei;CAO Jun(Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem,Ministry ofWater Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry ofWater Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Hydroecology Protection and Restoration,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China;Yangtze Eco-environment Engineering Research Center,China Three Gorges Corporation,Wuhan 430014,P.R.China)
出处
《水生态学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期85-96,共12页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
武汉市知识创新专项项目(2022020801020173)
三峡集团科研项目(202303296)
湖北省水利重点科研项目(HB-SLKY202326)
国能大渡河流域水电开发有限公司技术服务项目(SCZH-KY-2023-002)
三峡后续工作项目(2136902)。
关键词
栖息地法
三峡水库变动回水区
生态流量
调控策略
广阳-石沱江段
habitat methods
fluctuating backwater area of Three Gorges Reservoir
ecological flow
regulatory strategy
Guangyang-Shituo River section
