摘要
【目的】丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)作为大多数植物的共生真菌,对植物富集重金属和提高植物耐受性具有积极作用,本研究通过分析丛枝菌根真菌的孢子数和侵染率对不同矿渣处理模式的土壤相关指标、植物生长指标、根系形态、土壤重金属流失量的差异性和相关性变化,揭示AMF对4种处理模式生态拦截效果的影响。【方法】以栾树为主要供试植物,设计4个处理组:CK(100%矿渣)、K0(90%矿渣+5%蘑菇渣+5%CaCO_(3))、S(栾树)、CP(栾树+夹竹桃+香根草),通过模拟矿山玻璃装置系统进行实验。【结果】1)4种矿渣处理模式的AMF土壤孢子密度CP>S>K0>CK,4种矿渣处理模式的土壤孔隙度、含水率、有机质含量变化趋势与孢子数变化趋势一致。脲酶、磷酸酶随着改良剂的增加和植物的种植而增加,与孢子数正相关,过氧化氢酶总体呈现出CK>K0>CP>S组的规律,且差异性显著,与4个处理组AMF孢子数呈现负相关。2)S组与CP组株高、生物量差异明显,S组AMF与植物生物量显著相关,复合种植后,AMF与植物株高、地上生物量和总生物量显著相关与地下生物量极显著相关,植物根系形态提升明显。3)Pb流失量呈现出CK>K0>S>CP的规律,与AMF孢子数负相关,添加改良剂后,土壤Pb流失量大幅度降低。栽种栾树后,土壤流失量逐渐趋于稳定,Zn流失量呈现出K0>CK>S>CP的规律,添加改良剂后,孢子数增加,Zn流失量高于空白组,种植栾树,AMF提升明显,Zn流失量显著减少,稳定性增加。【结论】AMF对土壤的酸碱度具有调节作用,同时AMF对植物的生长与发育存在一定的正向促进作用。植物复合种植根系更复杂,更能促进AMF的生长和传播以及增加植物之间的养分和水分共享,还能够渗透入土壤深层影响Pb和Zn元素的迁移和转化。植物Zn、Pb含量主要集中在根系部分,AMF与流入植物的Zn、Pb金属相关性主要体现在茎叶上。地下部分AMF对Zn元素的影响显著,在栾树生长阶段AMF作用主要体现在是提高Zn的迁移与转化,以及将其转运至地上茎叶部分,但该作用对于Pb元素的影响效果不明显。
【Objective】Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF),as a symbiotic fungus of most plants,plays a positive role in the enrichment of heavy metals in plants and the improvement of plant tolerance.In the study,the differences and correlation changes of the spore number and infection rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on soil related indexes,plant growth indexes,root morphology and soil heavy metal loss in different slag treatment modes were analyzed.The effect of AMF on the ecological interception of four treatment modes was revealed.【Method】With koelreuteria as the main test plant,four treatment groups were designed:CK (100% slag),K0 (90% slag +5% mushroom slag +5%CaCO_3),S (Koelreuteria),CP (Koelreuteria + oleander + vetiver),and the experiment was carried out by simulating the mine glass device system.【Objective】1) The spore density of AMF soil in four slag treatment modes wasCP>S>K0>CK,and the change trend base of soil porosity,water content and organic matter content in four slag treatment modes was consistent with the change trend of spore number.Urease and phosphatase increased with the increase of amendments and plant planting,and were positively correlated with the number of spores.The general pattern of catalase was CK>K0>CP>S group,and the difference was significant,and the spore number of AMF was negatively correlated with the four treatment groups.2) There were significant differences in plant height and biomass between group S and group CP,and AMF in group S was significantly correlated with plant biomass.After compound planting,AMF was significantly correlated with plant height,above-ground biomass and total biomass and extremely significantly correlated with subsurface biomass,and plant root morphology was significantly improved.3) The pattern of Pb loss was CK>K0>S>CP,which was negatively correlated with the number of AMF spores.After addition of amendments,soil Pb loss was greatly reduced.After planting koelreuteria the soil loss gradually tended to be stable,and the Zn loss showed a rule of K0>CK>S>CP.After adding the amendment,the number of spores increased and the loss of Zn was higher than that in the blank group.When planting koelreuteria,the AMF increased significantly,the loss of Zn decreased significantly and the stability increased.【Conclusion】AMF can regulate the pH of soil and positively promote the growth and development of plants.Plant complex planting root system is more complex,can promote the growth and spread of AMF and increase the sharing of nutrients and water between plants,and can penetrate deep into the soil to affect the migration and transformation of Pb and Zn elements.The content of Zn and Pb in plants mainly concentrated in the roots,and the correlation between AMF and Zn and Pb flowing into plants was mainly reflected in stems and leaves.The effect of AMF in the underground part on Zn element was significant.In the growth stage of koelteria,the effect of AMF was mainly reflected in improving the migration and transformation of Zn and transporting it to the stems and leaves above ground,but the effect on Pb element was not obvious.
作者
谭锋
杜露
柳俊
王玉竹
陈永华
TAN Feng;DU Lu;LIU Jun;WANG Yuzhu;CHEN Yonghua(College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期165-172,共8页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52000183)
湖南省生态环境厅项目(HBKT-2021029)。
关键词
铅锌矿渣
丛枝根菌真菌
栾树
改良剂
生态拦截
lead-zinc mine slag
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Rhus chinensis
ameliorant
ecological interception
