摘要
为探究不同投喂频率和养殖密度对彭泽鲫(Carassius auratus var.Pengze)生长、全鱼组成、肝胰脏抗氧化能力和肠消化酶活性的影响,在水温24~26℃条件下,将平均初始体质量为(34.55±0.22)g的彭泽鲫饲养在循环水养殖桶(φ800 mm×高650 mm)中,采用2×3双因子法进行饲养实验:养殖密度为90尾/m^(3)和180尾/m^(3),投喂频率为每天2次、3次和4次,每组3个养殖桶,即90尾/m^(3)日投喂2次(L2组);90尾/m^(3)投喂3次(L3组);90尾/m^(3)投喂4次(L4组);180尾/m^(3)投喂2次(H2组);180尾/m^(3)投喂3次(H3组)和180尾/m^(3)投喂4次(H4组),饲养10周。结果显示:在同一养殖密度下,日投喂3次和4次的彭泽鲫体质量增加率和特定生长率显著高于日投喂2次(P<0.05),并随着投喂频率的增加而递增,饲料系数随投喂频率的增加而递减;不同投喂频率和养殖密度对彭泽鲫全鱼中水分、灰分及粗蛋白含量无显著影响(P>0.05),但全鱼粗脂肪含量随投喂频率的增加而递增,H4组彭泽鲫的粗脂肪含量显著高于投喂2次(P<0.05);不同投喂频率和养殖密度对肠胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶及淀粉酶没有显著性影响(P>0.05)。L3组彭泽鲫的蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶略高于L2和L4组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);L4组鱼的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于L2和L3组(P<0.05),H4组鱼的丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于H2组(P<0.05),H3和H4组的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH)活性显著低于H2组(P<0.05);在同一投喂频率下,不同养殖密度的彭泽鲫质量增加率和特定生长率随养殖密度的增加而递减(P<0.05),饲料系数差异不明显;H3组T-AOC含量显著高于L3组(P<0.05)、L4组T-AOC含量显著高于H4(P<0.05);投喂频率和养殖密度对饲料系数和T-AOC有显著的交互作用(P<0.05),对超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和GSH活性及MDA含量无明显互作效应(P>0.05)。综上所述,不同投喂频率对不同养殖密度下的彭泽鲫生长、全鱼组成、抗氧化能力和消化酶活性都有一定影响。在本试验循环水系统和养殖密度(180尾/m^(3))下,每天投喂3次效果更好。
In order to explore the effects of different feeding frequencies and stocking densities on growth,whole body composition,antioxidant capacity in hepatopancreas and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of Pengze crucian carp(Carassius auratus var.Pengze),juvenile Pengze crucian carp with average initial body weight of(34.55±0.22)g was reared in circulating water culture barrels(φ800 mm×height 650 mm)by 2×3 two-factor method:the stocking density of 90 ind./m^(3)and 180 ind./m^(3),and the feeding frequency of 2,3 and 4 times/d,with three culture barrels each treat,that is,90 ind./m^(3)fed twice a day(L2 group);90 ind./m^(3)fed 3 times a day(L3 group);90 ind./m^(3)fed 4 times a day(L4 group);180 ind./m^(3)fed twice a day(H2 group);180 ind./m^(3)were fed 3 times a day(H3 group)and 180 ind./m^(3)fed 4 times a day(H4 group)at water temperature of 24-26℃for 10 days.The results showed that there was significantly higher weight gain rate and specific growth rate in Pengze crucian carp at the same stocking density with different feeding frequencies,with significantly higher in the fish fed 3 times and 4 times a day than those in the fish fed twice a day(P<0.05).The food conversion ratio was shown to be decreased with the increase in feeding frequency.The Pengze crucian carp had increase in crude fat of whole fish with the increase in feeding frequency,with significantly higher crude fat in L4 group than that in the fish fed twice a day(P<0.05),though there were no significant effects of different feeding frequencies and culture densities on the moisture,ash and crude protein contents in the whole carp(P>0.05).The Pengze crucian carp had significantly higher total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)C in L4 group than the fish in L2 group did(P<0.05).However,the Pengze crucian carp had significantly higher malondialdehyde(MDA)content in L4 group than the fish in H2 group.There was significantly lowerg lutathione peroxidase(GSH)activity in H3 and H4 groups than that in H2 group(P<0.05),without significant effect of different feeding frequencies and stocking densities on activities of the intestinal trypsin,lipase and amylase(P>0.05),without significant difference,even though the protease,lipase and amylase were slightly higher in L3 group than those in L2 and L4 groups(P>0.05).Under the same feeding frequency,the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Pengze crucian carp at different stocking densities were found to be decreased with the increase in stocking density(P<0.05),without obvious difference in food conversion ratio.The T-AOC capacity was significantly higher in H3 group than that in L3(P<0.05).In summary,feeding frequency and stocking density led to have significant interactive effects on food conversion ratio and T-AOC capacity(P<0.05).Different feeding frequencies had significant effects on the growth,whole fish composition,and resistance of Pengze crucian carp under different stocking densities,with certain impact on oxidative capacity and digestive enzyme activity.Feeding frequency and stocking density had significant interaction effect on feed coefficient and T-AOC(P<0.05),without significant interaction effect on superoxide dismutase(SOD)and GSH activities and MDA content(P>0.05).In summary,under the culture conditions of the circulating water system in this experiment,feeding three times a day will be better effect on Pengze crucian carp culture at stocking density of 180 ind./m^(3).
作者
肖俊
姚远
丁立云
张桂芳
章海鑫
张燕萍
龚海波
巫伟华
XIAO Jun;YAO Yuan;DING Liyun;ZHANG Guifang;ZHANG Haixin;ZHANG Yanping;GONG Haibo;WU Weihua(Jiangxi Fisheries Research Institute,Nanchang 330039,China;Experimental Station of Lake Fishery Resources and Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanchang 330039,China;Jiangxi Provincial Aquatic Biology Protection and Rescue Center,Nanchang 330096,China)
出处
《水产学杂志》
CAS
2024年第4期34-41,共8页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
江西省重点项目(20203BBF63045)
江西省现代农业产业技术体系(JXARS-03)
国家现代化农业产业体系(CARS-46).
关键词
彭泽鲫
投喂频率
养殖密度
粗脂肪
抗氧化能力
Carassius auratus var.Pengze
stocking density
feeding frequency
crude fat
antioxidant capacity
