摘要
针对咖啡人工采收成本高、大型机械采收困难等问题,以曲柄滑块式传动机构为基础,设计一款小型可变幅振动式咖啡收获机。通过建立咖啡果实-果柄的脱落力学模型,分析得到果实脱离果柄的条件,依据曲柄滑块的设计方式,构建传动结构的运动简图与计算公式;采用ANSYS Workbench与Adams软件,进行模型的动力学仿真分析;以传动结构的曲柄长度、摇杆长度和转速为试验因素,惯性力为试验指标,进行三因素三水平的正交试验与响应曲面分析,建立惯性力二次多项式回归模型,以果-柄结合力5.25~7.16 N为优化目标,确定收获机的结构参数和工作参数。结果表明,在保证传动结构运行状态平稳的优先原则下,得到咖啡收获机结构设计的最优参数组合为曲柄长度15 mm,摇杆长度100 mm,转速700 r/min;通过样机试制与田间试验,转速在700 r/min左右,总体的作业效果良好。研究为后续的咖啡机械化收获提供参考。
For the problems such as the high labor cost of coffee harvesting and the difficulty of large-scale machinery harvesting,a small variable amplitude vibrating coffee harvester was designed based on the crank slider type transmission mechanism.Through the establishment of the mechanics model of coffee fruit-stem fall-off,the conditions of the fruit falling off the stem were analyzed,and the motion diagram and calculation formula of the transmission structure were constructed according to the design method of the crank slider.ANSYS workbench and Adams software were used to carry out dynamic simulation analysis of the model.Taking crank and rocker length and speed of transmission structure as test factors and inertia force as test index,orthogonal test and response surface analysis of three factors and three levels were carried out,and quadratic polynomial regression model of inertia force was established.The structural parameters and working parameters of the harvester were determined with 5.25~7.16 N of fruit-stem binding force as the optimization objective.The results show that the optimal parameter combination of the coffee harvester is crank length 15 mm,rocker length 100 mm and speed 700 r/min under the principle of ensuring the smooth running state of the transmission structure.Through the prototype trial production and field test,when the rotating speed is about 700 r/min,the overall operation effect is good.The research can provide reference for the subsequent mechanized coffee harvesting.
作者
邓祥丰
初众
郑何美
郑健
刘丽慧
肖苏伟
DENG Xiangfeng;CHU Zhong;ZHENG Hemei;ZHENG Jian;LIU Lihui;XIAO Suwei(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou571101,China;National Important Tropical Crops Engineering Technology Research Center,Haikou571101,China;Spice and Beverage Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Wanning571533,China;Jiangsu Zhengda Yongda Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yancheng224001,China)
出处
《包装与食品机械》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第4期67-73,79,共8页
Packaging and Food Machinery
基金
海南省自然科学基金项目(521QN0937,323MS074)。
关键词
咖啡采收
曲柄滑块
可变幅
振动
脱落力学模型
coffee harvesting
crank slider
variable amplitude
vibration
falloff mechanical model
