摘要
潮沟作为潮滩上特殊的连通性地貌单元,其承担的水文连通、物质运输以及保护生物多样性等功能逐渐受到关注。潮沟能够保持潮滩水盐平衡,运输海—陆沉积物,为滨海植物种子提供传播通道,并作为众多海洋生物的生境和庇护所,对维护潮滩系统稳定做出重要贡献。在受到极端气候、人类活动等扰动后,潮沟形态和生物多样性的稳定是潮滩生态系统恢复平衡的标志,故研究其形态变化以及对生物的影响具有重要意义。基于近年来潮沟演变和生态效应的主要研究成果,从潮沟分级方法、潮沟形态特征变化、潮沟变化影响因素以及潮沟的生态效应等方面进行综述,并提出了未来需要加强研究的3个方面:滨海湿地潮沟空间分布和形态特征及其影响因素研究;滨海湿地潮沟植物种子运输功能模拟及预测;滨海湿地潮沟形态差异对水文连通及生态效应的影响。
Tidal creeks,as unique components of coastal landform,have gradually attracted attention for their abilities of hydrological connectivity,material transportation and biodiversity.They can maintain the salt-andwater balance of tidal flats,transport sediments between ocean and land,be a spreading channel for plant seeds of coastal wetland,and provide habitats for marine organisms,which benefit the stability of coastal ecosystems.After extreme climate events and human activities,unchangeable shape and increasing biodiversity of tidal creeks is a signal of the restoration of coastal ecosystem.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore their morphological changes and ecological impact.Based on several researches of dynamic changes and ecological effects of tidal creeks in recent years,this paper reviews the classification methods,morphological characteristics,influencing factors and ecological effects of them,and puts forward three directions that need to be followed in the future:Spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of tidal creeks in different coastal wetlands with different influencing factors;Simulation and prediction of coastal seed transportation in tidal creeks.The relationships between the morphology,hydrological connectivity and ecological effect of tidal creeks.
作者
艾熙航
辛琨
曾书军
AI Xihang;XIN Kun;ZENG Shujun(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,Guangdong,P.R.China;Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,P.R.China;Dongzhaigang Long-term Research Station for Mangrove Wetland Ecosystem in Hainan Island,Haikou 571129,Hainan,P.R.China;Hainan University,Haikou 570100,Hainan,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期603-616,共14页
Wetland Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(20230207)资助。
关键词
潮沟
形态特征
影响因素
生态效应
tidal creeks
morphological characteristics
influence factors
ecological effects
