摘要
杀菌类物质因其杀灭细菌、病毒等微生物特性而被广泛使用。多种杀菌类物质的暴露可能引发人类或动物肠道炎症及免疫系统异常,但相关机理性的研究相对较少。外源性化学物质或病原菌是核因子活化B细胞κ轻链增强子(nuclear factor kappalight-chain-enhancer of activated B cells,简称“NF-κB”)信号通路的重要激动剂,通过激活NF-κB信号通路,调节宿主炎症反应与免疫应答。鉴于此,本文重点梳理探讨了杀菌类物质、NF-κB信号通路、肠道微生物三者之间的相互作用以及它们对宿主潜在的健康影响。结果表明:①NF-κB家族是一组重要的转录因子,几乎存在于所有类型的动物细胞中,参与调控炎症反应、免疫应答、细胞增殖和细胞凋亡等许多生物过程。②肠道微生物中本身的细胞壁成分以及分泌的效应蛋白或代谢产物等是NF-κB信号通路的重要激动剂,这表明肠道微生物与宿主免疫系统之间存在密切联系。肠道微生物对NF-κB信号通路的影响提示了杀菌类物质在肠道免疫调节中可能存在的作用机制。③杀菌类物质可以与肠道微生物之间相互作用进而诱导宿主肠道紊乱,也可以直接作为NF-κB信号通路的激动剂,最终导致宿主肠道免疫系统损伤。开发新型免疫调节剂和抗菌药物,制定治疗肠道免疫相关疾病个性化的预防和治疗策略是未来这一领域的研究方向之一。
Antimicrobial chemicals are widely used for their bactericidal properties against bacteria,viruses and other microorganisms.Exposure to a variety of antimicrobial chemicals induces intestinal inflammation and immune system abnormalities in humans or animals.However,research on their underlying mechanisms remains limited.Exogenous chemicals or pathogenic bacteria are key agonists of the NF-κB(nuclear factor kappa-B)signaling pathway and regulate host inflammatory response and immune responses by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway.This article focuses on the interactions between antimicrobial chemicals,NF-κB signaling pathways,and the gut microbiota,and their potential impact on the host health.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The NF-κB family is an important group of transcription factors that exist in almost all types of animal cells and is involved in the regulation of various biological processes such as inflammation,immune response,cell proliferation,and apoptosis.(2)The cell wall components of intestinal microorganisms and the secreted effector proteins or metabolites are important agonists of the NF-κB signaling pathway,indicating a close connection between intestinal microorganisms and the host immune system.The influence of gut microbes on the NF-κB signaling pathway suggests a potential mechanism of antimicrobial chemicals in the regulation of intestinal immunity.(3)Antibacterial chemicals can induce host intestinal disorders by interacting with intestinal microorganisms or directly acting as NF-κB signaling pathway agonists,ultimately leading to the damage to the host intestinal immune system.The development of new immunomodulators and antibacterial drugs,as well as the development of personalized preventive and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of intestinal immune-related diseases,is one of the future research directions in this field.
作者
刘月月
王琛
孙文
符志友
吴丰昌
LIU Yueyue;WANG Chen;SUN Wen;FU Zhiyou;WU Fengchang(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期1839-1845,共7页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(No.2021YFC3200801)。
