摘要
为最大程度地发挥生态湿地的净化潜能,缓解并改善水体质量。以深圳市定岗湖湿地公园为例,通过不同河床糙率、阶梯水位等因素制定了4种补水方案,基于有限体积法建立了包含水龄模块的二维水动力数学模型,结合3~5 m的网格尺度对湖区开展了精细模拟,对比分析了沉淀塘、砾石床、沉水塘和出水塘的水动力空间分布以及水体交换特性。结果表明,在湖区高处的狭长水域开展生态补水措施,在水动力上能提高水体的流动性与交换效果,湖区54.23%的水动力得到明显提升,较其他方案分别提升22.9%、2.6%、1.7%;在水龄上能使84.79%水域在10 d内完全更新一次,远高于其他方案73.66%、82.96%、84.55%。受限于出水塘的东部地形边界局部存在凹岸,4种生态补水措施的形成的滞留区占比分别为0.84%、0.80%、0.79%和0.78%。研究成果不仅可为定岗湖水体流动特性及生态补水效果提供决策支持,还可对城市景观设计以及环境保护提供科学指导。
In order to maximize the purification potential of ecological wetlands and alleviate and improve water quality,this article took the Dinggang Lake Wetland Park in Shenzhen as an example.Four water replenishment schemes were developed based on factors such as different riverbed roughness and stepped water levels.A two-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model including a water age module was established based on the finite volume method,and a detailed simulation was conducted on the lake area with a grid scale of 3 to 5 m.The spatial distribution of hydrodynamic forces and water exchange characteristics of sedimentation ponds,gravel beds,submerged ponds,and outlet ponds were compared and analyzed.The results showed that ecological water replenishment measures in the narrow waters at the top of the lake area can improve the fluidity and exchange effect of water bodies in terms of hydrodynamic forces.The hydrodynamic forces of 54.23%of the lake area were significantly improved,with increases of 22.9%,2.6%,and 1.7%compared to other schemes.In terms of water age,84.79%of the waters can be completely renewed within 10 days,which is much higher than the other schemes of 73.66%,82.96%,and 84.55%.Due to the local concave bank on the eastern terrain boundary of the outlet pond,the retention areas formed by the four ecological water replenishment measures accounted for 0.84%,0.80%,0.79%,and 0.78%,respectively.The research results can not only provide decision support for the flow characteristics and ecological water replenishment effects of Dinggang Lake,but also provide scientific guidance for urban landscape design and environmental protection.
作者
李正阳
刘俊国
张晓雷
鞠俊彦
户东东
LI Zhengyang;LIU Junguo;ZHANG Xiaolei;JU Junyan;HU Dongdong(School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Key Laboratory of Hydrosphere and Watershed Water Security in Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450046,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518000,China)
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期1614-1623,共10页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
深圳市科技计划项目可持续发展专项(KCXFZ20201221173601003)。
关键词
二维水动力数学模型
生态补水方案
水龄
数值模拟
2D hydrodynamic mathematical model
ecological water replenishment scheme
water age
numerical simulation
