摘要
掌握气溶胶及碳组分的粒径分布有助于识别来源和探讨形成机制,肺沉积表面积(LDSA)是气溶胶颗粒在人体呼吸道肺泡区沉积的健康风险评估重要指标。2017年12月-2018年11月,利用荷电低压颗粒物采样分析仪(ELPI+)研究南昌室内、外气溶胶和碳组分的粒径分布与LDSA,结果显示,采样期间环境空气混合受体点、道路旁、打印室、学生宿舍的主要空气颗粒物分别为核模态与积聚模态、爱根核模态与核模态、核模态、积聚模态。室外、室内空气颗粒物中有机碳(OC)粒径分布特征相似,为单峰型,峰值出现在0.256~0.382μm;颗粒物中元素碳(EC)的粒径分布在室内呈单峰型,在室外呈多峰型;不同微环境颗粒物OC/EC比值的粒径分布大多呈“L”型,打印室内不同粒径颗粒物OC/EC比值无明显差异,近似呈“—”型。室外空气颗粒物中优势碳组分是OC_(2)、OC_(3)、OC_4和EC_(1),主要源于燃煤排放和机动车尾气,室内空气颗粒物的优势碳组分是OC_(1)、OC_(2)、OC_(3),主要源于香烟燃烧和室外空气渗透。不同微环境颗粒物的LDSA有差异,室外混合受体点、道路旁和室内打印室、学生宿舍的LDSA日均值分别为49.0、10.9、29.9和31.0μm^(2)/cm^(3);在有明显贡献源(如打印机工作或香烟燃烧)的室内环境中,特别是香烟燃烧的影响下,短时间内颗粒物LDSA非常高,超过环境空气颗粒物LDSA的最高值;道路旁空气中小于100 nm颗粒的LDSA占比高,存在香烟燃烧的室内100~600 nm粒径颗粒物的LDSA占比高。
Size distribution of aerosols and carbon fractions can help identify sources and explore formation mechanisms,and lung deposition surface area(LDSA)is an important indicator for health risk assessment of aerosol particles deposited in the alveolar region of the human respiratory tract.From December 2017 to November 2018,the size distribution and LDSA of indoor and outdoor aerosols in Nanchang was investigated by using the electrical low-pressure impactor(ELPI+),and the results showed that the major airborne particles in the regional mixing receptor sites,roadside,printing room,and students'dormitories during the sampling period were the Nucleation and Accumulation modes,the Aitken and Nucleation modes,the Nucleation mode,the Accumulation mode.The size distributions of organic carbon(OC)in outdoor and indoor air parti⁃cles were similar,with a single peak,and the peak appeared in the 7 th particle size class(0.256~0.382μm).The size distribu⁃tions of elemental carbon(EC)in particles showed a single peak indoors,and multiple peaks outdoors.The size distribution of OC/EC ratios of different microenvironmental particles mostly showed a"L"shape,but there is no significant difference in the OC/EC ratio of particles with different particle sizes in the printing room,which is approximately in a"—"shape.The dominant carbon components of outdoor air particulate matter were OC_(2),OC_(3),OC4 and EC_(1),which mainly originated from coal combustion emissions and motor vehicle exhaust,while the dominant carbon components of indoor air particulate matter were OC_(1),OC_(2) and OC_(3),which mainly originated from cigarette combustion and outdoor air infiltration.The LDSA of differ⁃ent microenvironmental particles varied,and the daily mean values of LDSA were 49.0,10.9,29.9,and 31.0μm^(2)/m^(3) for the outdoor mixed-source receptor sites,the roadside,and the indoor printing room and the students'dormitory,respectively,and the LDSA of the particles was very high in the indoor environments with obvious contributing sources(e.g.,printing work or cigarette combustion)for a short period of time,especially under the influence of the cigarette combustion,exceeding the max⁃imum value of ambient air particulate LDSA.High percentage of LDSA was for particles smaller than 100 nm in roadside air,and high percentage of LDSA for particles in the 100~600 nm size range in indoor environments where there is a cigarette combustion source.
作者
邹长伟
徐唱
黄虹
周星明
申钊颖
ZOU Changwei;XU Chang;HUANG Hong;ZHOU Xingming;SHEN Zhaoying(School of Resources and Environment,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Key Laboratory of Environment and Resource Utilization of Poyang Lake,Ministry of Education,Nanchang 330031,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期68-78,共11页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42265011)
江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2023-B038)。
