摘要
为探究沙滩底栖动物群落特征及沙滩修复对其影响,于2021年5月和9—10月对厦门岛7条砂质潮间带断面进行了春、秋两季的采样调查,对大型底栖动物组成与分布及其影响因素进行了研究。结果显示,共鉴定出大型底栖动物176种,春、秋两季平均生物量为9.05 g/m^(2),平均栖息密度为45.59 ind/m^(2)。春、秋两季种类更替现象明显,春季种类数、生物量和栖息密度均大于秋季。种类数和生物量分布特征为东岸多、南岸少,栖息密度分布不均。种类断面分布特征表现为珍珠湾沙滩XM2断面和观音山北侧沙滩XM7断面中潮区种类数较多,其他断面则表现为低潮区>中潮区>高潮区。与厦门岛沙滩大型底栖动物最相关的水体环境因子是亚硝酸盐(NO-2-N)、溶解氧(DO)和盐度(S),沉积物环境因子是影响沙滩大型底栖动物组成与分布的主要控制因子,砾石增多和砂粒变细都使生物种类变多。人工修复沙滩能形成稳定生境,区域内大型底栖动物种类数、生物量和栖息密度与天然沙滩相差不大,修复沙滩的生态恢复情况良好。修复后底质改变会导致底栖动物群落发生较大改变。
To characterise the macrobenthic fauna in the sandy beaches and the impact of beach restoration on the fauna,an investigation was conducted on the transects of seven sandy intertidal zones on Xiamen Island,in May,September and October,the spring and autumn of 2021.The composition and distribution of macrobenthic fauna and the influencing factors were studied.As results,176 species were identified in total,with an average biomass of 9.05 g/m^(2) and an average density of 45.59 ind/m^(2).There was a noticeable species turnover between spring and autumn,with the numbers of species,biomass and population density all higher in spring than in autumn.The species and biomass showed that they were more prevalent on the east shore and relatively less on the south shore,exhibiting an uneven density distribution pattern.The distribution of species on the transects shows that there were more species in the middle intertidal zones of the Pearl Bay Beach XM2 and Guanyinshan North Beach XM7.However,the number of species was higher in low intertidal zone,than middle intertidal zone and high intertidal zone on the other transect.Nitrite,dissolved oxygen and salinity in water were the most relevant environmental factors influencing macrobenthic fauna on the sandy beaches of Xiamen Island.And sedimental factors should have played a crucial role in shaping the composition and distribution of macrobenthic fauna on these beaches as increased compositions of gravel or fine sand were associated with higher number of species.The artificially restored beaches could form stable habitats for macrobenthic fauna.The species,biomass and density were not significantly different from those found on the natural sandy beaches.The ecological recovery due to the beach restoration was successful.Additionally,the changes in substrates resulted from the beach restoration significantly altered the benthic community.
作者
曾舒婷
陈敏
戚洪帅
蔡锋
赵绍华
黄国彪
许亚
刘璇
ZENG Shuting;CHEN Min;QI Hongshuai;CAI Feng;ZHAO Shaohua;HUANG Guobiao;XU Ya;LIU Xuan(Third Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Xiamen 361005,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Physical and Geological Processes,Xiamen 361005,China;School of Advanced Manufacturing,Fuzhou University,Quanzhou 362251,China;College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《应用海洋学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期521-532,共12页
Journal of Applied Oceanography
基金
科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY202400)
自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费(海三科2019018,海三科2020017)。
关键词
海洋生物学
大型底栖动物
砂质潮间带
环境因子
沙滩修复
marine biology
macrobenthic fauna
sandy intertidal zone
environmental factor
beach restoration
