摘要
针对复杂金属矿床在开采时存在矿石贫化和损失大、采场稳定性差等难题,提出了脉内“之”字形低废采准工艺与气囊预占位成巷方法,并在此基础上研发了高效低贫损上向水平分层充填采矿方法。依托内蒙某金矿,采用现场调查和室内试验的手段开展了该采矿方法分层采场结构参数、预占位气囊整体结构与尺寸等方面的研究。研究结果表明,该矿山试验矿段的岩体质量指标RMR值为51~63,对应分层采场极限跨度为5.5~10.5 m。设计确定了预占位充气式气囊的整体结构,计算得到了充气式气囊的工作压力为0.2 MPa,承载能力为0.5 MPa;获得了爆破补偿空间与岩石碎胀系数的关系,确定了合理的预占位充气式气囊的跨度为2.5 m。在此基础上开展了现场工业试验,工业试验采场高4 m,宽5.5 m,长20 m。试验采场的回采结果表明,该方法二步骤采场生产能力达到150 t/d,矿石的回采率为94%,矿石贫化率为4.8%,实现了复杂金属矿床的高效低贫损开采。
In view of the problems of large ore dilution and loss and poor stope stability in the mining of complex metal deposits,the“之”shaped low-depletion mining technology in the vein and the airbag pre-occupancy method were proposed.On this basis,a new method of high-efficiency and low-depletion upward horizontal layered filling mining was proposed.Based on a gold mine in Inner Mongolia,the structural parameters of the layered stope and the overall structure and size of the preoccupancy airbag were studied by means of field investigation and laboratory test.The results are as follows.Firstly,the RMR value of the rock mass quality index of the test section of the mine is 51-63,and the limit span of the corresponding stratified stope is 5.5-10.5m.Secondly,the overall structure of the pre-occupancy inflatable airbag was designed and determined.The working pressure of the inflatable airbag is calculated to be 0.2MPa,and the bearing capacity is 0.5MPa.The relationship between the blasting compensation space and the rock crushing coefficient is obtained,and the reasonable span of the preoccupancy inflatable airbag is determined to be 2.5m.On this basis,the field industrial test was carried out.The industrial test stope is 4mhigh,5.5m wide and 2mlong.The mining results of the test stope show that the two-step stope production capacity of this method can reach 150t/d,the ore recovery rate reaches 94%,and the ore dilution rate is 4.8%,which realizes the high-efficiency and low-depletion mining of complex metal deposits.
作者
胡松涛
朱明德
HU Songtao;ZHU Mingde(Shandong Gold Mining Technology Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan,Shandong 250100,China;Deep Mining Laboratory of Shandong Gold Group Co.,Ltd.,Laizhou,Shandong 261442,China;School of Civil and Resources Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《矿业研究与开发》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第6期1-9,共9页
Mining Research and Development
关键词
复杂金属矿床
分层充填法
低废采准
预占位气囊
贫化率
损失率
Complex metal deposit
Layered filling mining method
Low-depletion mining technology
Pre-occupancy airbag
Dilution ratio
Loss rate
