摘要
高能单质含能材料六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)由于机械感度过高,限制了其在军事领域的广泛应用。以硬脂酸修饰的纳米六硝基茋(HNS)为表面活性剂,CL-20和1,3-二硝基苯(DNB)的乙酸乙酯溶液为油相,在超声波辅助作用下制备稳定的Pickering乳液,研究了纳米HNS的界面性质、改性纳米HNS的用量及乳液的静置时间对乳液稳定性的影响规律,成功制备纳米HNS@CL-20-DNB共晶炸药核壳复合物,并对复合物的形貌、结构、热分解性能及安全性能进行表征。结果表明:改性HNS含量为10%~20%,静置时间小于200 min时,可以制备均匀稳定的Pickering乳液;核壳复合物粒径约为5μm左右,表面包覆一层改性纳米HNS;由于共晶结构,复合物的热分解峰温为247.7℃,其热分解放热峰温较原料CL-20提高了7.9℃;复合物的特性落高H_(50)为43 cm,摩擦感度爆炸概率为36%,相较于原料CL-20,安全性能大幅提升。本研究所采用的制备方法安全简单且组分无非含能材料,理论上未降低核壳复合物的能量,有望为含CL-20的复合炸药的设计和制备提供新思路,提升CL-20在军事领域的适用性。
Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20),a high-energy elemental energetic material,has limited its wide application in the military field due to its high mechanical sensitivity.The stable Pickering emulsion was prepared by using stearic acid modified nano-hexanitrostilbene(HNS)as surfactant and ethyl acetate solution of CL-20 and 1,3-dinitrobenzene(DNB)as oil phase under the assistance of ultrasound.The effects of interfacial properties of nano-HNS,the amount of modified nano-HNS and the standing time of emulsion on the stability of emulsion were studied.The core-shell composite of nano-HNS@CL-20-DNB cocrystal explosive was successfully prepared,and the morphology,structure,thermal decomposition performance and safety performance of the composite were characterized.The results show that uniform and stable Pickering emulsion can be prepared when the content of modified HNS is 10-20%and the standing time is less than 200 min.The particle size of the core-shell composite is about 5μm,and the surface is coated with a layer of modified nano-HNS;Due to the eutectic structure,the thermal decomposition peak temperature of the composite is 247.7℃,and the thermal decomposition exothermic peak temperature is 7.9℃higher than that of the raw material CL-20.The characteristic drop height H 50 of the composite is 43 cm,and the friction sensitivity explosion probability is 36%.Compared with the raw material CL-20,the safety performance is greatly improved.The preparation method used in this paper is safe and simple,and the components are not non-energetic materials.In theory,the energy of the core-shell composite is not reduced.It is expected to provide new ideas for the design and preparation of composite explosives containing CL-20,and improve the applicability of CL-20 in the military field.
作者
徐亮
杨敏
文韬
高登钊
郭长平
王茜
XU Liang;YANG Min;WEN Tao;GAO Dengzhao;GUO Changpin;WANG Qian(Sichuan Co-Innovation Center for New Energetic Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology(SWUST),Mianyang 621010,China)
出处
《兵器装备工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期275-282,共8页
Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering
