摘要
试验旨在研究地锦草总黄酮对罗斯308肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、抗氧化能力及盲肠菌群的影响。选取240只1日龄雄性罗斯308肉鸡随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸡,试验期42 d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,地锦草总黄酮组饲喂基础日粮+300 mg/kg地锦草总黄酮,土霉素组饲喂基础日粮+200 mg/kg土霉素。结果显示:与对照组相比,地锦草总黄酮组1~21日龄和1~42日龄平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05),与土霉素组无显著差异(P>0.05);地锦草总黄酮组血清免疫球蛋白水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),免疫器官指数显著高于对照组和土霉素组(P<0.05);地锦草总黄酮组血清超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于对照组和土霉素组(P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著低于对照组和土霉素组(P<0.05);地锦草总黄酮组盲肠菌群多样性显著高于土霉素组(P<0.05);在科和属水平上,地锦草总黄酮组普雷沃氏菌科、p_251_o5菌科及其未培养菌属、螺旋体科及密螺旋体2属、纤维杆菌科及纤维杆菌属和WCHB1_41未培养菌科及未培养菌属等有益微生物的相对丰度显著高于对照组和土霉素组(P<0.05);莫拉菌科及不动杆菌属、动球菌科及土源芽孢杆菌属和赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属显著富集于土霉素组(P<0.05)。研究表明,罗斯308肉鸡日粮中添加300 mg/kg地锦草总黄酮能够替代土霉素,增强肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和抗氧化能力,提高盲肠菌群的多样性及有益菌比例,从而在饲料替抗中具有一定应用潜力和良好开发前景。
The aim of this experiment was to explore the effects of total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa on growth per-formance,immune function,antioxidant capacity and cecal microbiota in Ross 308 broilers.Two hundred and forty one-day-age Ross 308 male broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates per group and 20 broilers per replicate.The experi-ment lasted for 42 days.The control group was fed with basal diet,the total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa group was fed with basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa,and the oxytetracycline group was fed with basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg oxytetracycline.The results showed that:Compared with the control group,the average daily gain of the total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa group at 1 to 21 days and 1 to 42 days of age was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly decreased(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa group and oxytetracycline group(P>0.05).The serum immunoglobulin levels in the total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the immune organ indices were sig-nificantly higher than that in the control group and oxytetracycline group(P<0.05).The serum levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa group were significantly higher than those in the control and oxytetracycline groups(P<0.05),and the level of malondialdehyde was significantly lower than that in the control and oxytet-racycline groups(P<0.05).The diversity of cecal microbiota in the total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa group was significant-ly higher than that in the oxytetracycline group(P<0.05).At the family and genus levels,the relative abundances of beneficial mi-croorganisms in the total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa group,such as Prevotellaceae,p_251_o5 and its uncultured genus,Spirochaetaceae and Treponema_2,Fibrobacteraceae and Fibrobacter,and uncultured family and genus of WCHB 1_41 were sig-nificantly higher than those in the control and oxytetracycline groups(P<0.05).Moraxellaceae and Acinetobacter,Planococcaceae and Solibacillus and Lysinibacillus were significantly enriched in the oxytetracycline group(P<0.05).In summary,the addition of 300 mg/kg total flavonoids from Euphorbia humifusa in the diet of Ross 308 broilers could replace oxytetracycline,enhance the growth performance,immune function and antioxidant capacity of broilers,and improve the microbiota diversity and proportion of benefi-cial bacteria in the cecum,thus have certain application potential and good development prospect in feed antibiotic substitution.
作者
席丽
秦新喜
杜乐响
崔艳艳
李志强
张春梅
XI Li;QIN Xinxi;DU Lexiang;CUI Yanyan;LI Zhiqiang;ZHANG Chunmei(College of Biology and Food Sciences,Shangqiu Normal University,Shangqiu,Henan 476000;College of Veterinary Medicine,Northwest A&F University,Xianyang,Shaanxi 712100;Guangzhou Tongda Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510630)
出处
《中国家禽》
北大核心
2024年第6期36-43,共8页
China Poultry
基金
河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(222102320024)。
关键词
地锦草
黄酮
肉鸡
生长性能
免疫功能
抗氧化能力
盲肠菌群
Euphorbia humifusa
flavonoid
broiler
growth performance
immune function
antioxidant capacity
cecal microbiota
