摘要
为了解皖南山区不同类型森林土壤阳离子交换性能差异,为该区合理营林提供参考,选取皖南山区6种不同类型森林土壤(杉木林、马尾松林、栓皮栎林、外松林、天然阔叶林和杉木-栓皮栎混交林)为研究对象,比较森林土壤阳离子交换性能的差异。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤呈强酸性,土壤有机质含量为33.84~91.50 g·kg^(-1),总氮含量为0.94~3.37 g·kg^(-1),碱解氮含量为131.58~203.62 mg·kg^(-1),总磷含量为0.22~0.77 g·kg^(-1),有效磷含量为0.17~0.32 mg·kg^(-1);土壤主要缺乏速效磷养分。(2)阳离子交换量在8.09~12.57 cmol·kg^(-1)之间,排序为:天然阔叶林>外松林>马尾松林>混交林>杉木林>栓皮栎林,不同森林土壤间阳离子交换量的差异主要由其土壤有机质的差异引起。(3)交换性盐基总量在1.74~2.72 cmol·kg^(-1)g之间,排序为:马尾松林>外松林>杉木林>栓皮栎林>混交林>天然阔叶林,Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)是主要的盐基离子,是成土过程中Ca、Mg优先固持形成的。(4)盐基饱和度在13.97%~28.98%之间,排序为:马尾松林>杉木林>栓皮栎林>外松林>混交林>天然阔叶林,该差异是由淋溶作用和树木对盐基离子的吸收共同作用形成的差异。综上,研究区土壤保肥和缓冲性能较低且供肥能力较差,尤其是土壤速效磷供应能力差。其中松林的供肥保肥能力及缓冲性能明显优于其他树种森林,混交林的速效养分含量更高,故可通过营造松类混交林以及施肥来提高森林土壤供肥保肥能力和缓冲性能。
In order to make clear the differences in soil cation exchange properties among different forest stands,and consequently guide the forest management,six different forest stands(Cunninghamia lanceolata,Pi-nus massoniana,Quercus variabilis,Pinus elliottii,natural broadleaf forest and Cunninghamia lanceolata-Quercus variabilis mixed forest)were selected in southern mountainous areas of Anhui Province and soils were sampled and measured for cation exchange properties.The results showed that:(1)The soil in the study area was strongly acidic,with soil organic matter concentration of 33.84-91.5 g·kg^(-1),total nitrogen concentration of 0.94-3.37 g·kg^(-1),alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen concentration of 131.58-203.62 mg·kg^(-1),total phosphorus concentra-tion of 0.22-0.77 g·kg^(-1),and available phosphorus concentration of 0.17-0.32 mg·kg^(-1).(2)The cation exchange capacity was between 8.09-12.57 cmol·kg^(-1),and it decreased in the order of natural broadleaf forest>Pinus el-liottii forest>Pinus massoniana forest>mixed forest>Cunninghamia lanceolata forest>Quercus variabilis forest,and the difference in cation exchange capacity between different forest soils were mainly caused by the differences in soil organic matter.(3)The total exchange base cations was between 1.74-2.72 cmol·kg^(-1),and it decreased in the order of Pinus massoniana forest>Pinus elliottii forest>Cunninghamia lanceolata forest>Quercus variabilis forest>mixed forest>natural broadleaf forest.Ca^(2+) and Mg^(2+) were the major salt ions,which were formed by the preferential fixation of Ca and Mg in the process of formation.(4)The base cation saturation ranged from 13.97%-28.98%,and it decreased in the order of Pinus massoniana forest>Cunninghamia lanceolata forest>Quercus variabilis forest>Pinus elliottii forest>mixed forest>natural broadleaf forest,which can be ascribed to the differences in leaching and tree absorption of base cation.In summary,the nutrient retention ca-pacity and buffering capacity of the soil in the study area were low,especially soil available P.Among different forest stands,the nutrient retention and buffering capacity were higher in pine forests than in other forest stands,and mixed forests had higher levels of available nutrients.Thus mixed plantations of pine and other tree species are suggested to improve soil nutrient retention and buffering capacity.
作者
石晓芸
夏尚光
孙庆业
李静
赵琼
SHI Xiaoyun;XIA Shangguang;SUN Qingye;JI Jing;ZHAO Qiong(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601;Anhui Academy of Forestry,Hefei 230031)
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2024年第2期284-290,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022107020001)
安徽省林业科研创新项目(2024-20)资助。
关键词
皖南山区
森林土壤
阳离子交换性能
盐基离子
土壤肥力
southern mountainous area of Anhui Province
forest soils
cation exchange performance
base cation
soil fertility
