摘要
针对现阶段蔬菜播种仍以传统人工播种为主,且市面上蔬菜播种机械存在播种量不可控、漏播和少播等问题,设计了一种电动小粒经种子蔬菜精量播种机。该播种机行走作业时采用电力驱动,在排种电机的作用下先排肥后排种,由种子传感器和肥量传感器进行精量化检测,通过自主调节控制电机的转速和补种装置,完成精量检测和补种过程。整机采用无线遥控操作,控制系统在整个播种过程中可对种子流量、速度、密度等参数实时监测和调节,确保播种的精准性和稳定性。以娃娃菜、洋葱、胡萝卜等高原夏菜为主要研究对象进行整机性能试验,结果表明:整机平均飘籽率均<1%,平均单籽率均>95%,平均多籽率和漏播率在试验方法要求内可控,播种深度合格率均>90%,平均粒距合格率较高且均>92%,整机工作性能稳定,各项作业指标均达到小粒经种子蔬菜精量播种的农艺要求。
Aiming at the problems that the current vegetable sowing is still dominated by traditional artificial sowing,and the vegetable sowing machinery on the market has problems such as uncontrollable sowing amount,missed sowing and less sowing,a kind of electric small grain seed vegetable precision seeder was designed.The seeder is driven by electric power when walking.Under the action of the metering motor,the seeder first discharges fertilizer and then discharges seeds.The seed sensor and the fertilizer sensor are used for precise quantitative detection.The speed of the motor and the supplementary inoculation device are adjusted and controlled independently to complete the process of precision detection and supplementary inoculation.The whole machine adopts wireless remote control operation.The control system can monitor and adjust the parameters such as seed flow,speed and density in real time during the whole sowing process to ensure the accuracy and stability of sowing.The performance test of the whole machine was carried out with plateau summer vegetables such as dolls,onions and carrots as the main research objects.results showed that the average floating seed rate of the whole machine is less than 1%,the average single seed rate was more than 95%.The average multi-seed rate and missing rate were controllable within the requirements of the test method.The qualified rate of sowing depth was more than 90%,and the qualified rate of average grain spacing was high and all more than 92%.The working performance of the whole machine is stable,and all the operation indexes meet the agronomic requirements of precision seeding of small seeds through seed vegetables.
作者
杨宪章
杨志平
YANG Xian-zhang;YANG Zhi-ping(Gansu Polytechnic college of Animal Husbandry&Engineering,Wuwei Gansu 733006,China)
出处
《林业机械与木工设备》
2024年第4期83-87,共5页
Forestry Machinery & Woodworking Equipment
基金
甘肃省农业农村厅《2023年省级农机装备补短板行动项目》-电动小粒径种子蔬菜精量播种机研制与示范(njyf2023-15)。
关键词
电动
蔬菜
小粒径
精量播种
electric
vegetables
small grain size
precision seeding
