摘要
矿山的生态修复治理已成为亟需解决的生态环境和区域协调发展的关键难题。本文系统分析了政府和社会资本合作模式(Public-Private-Partnership,PPP模式)及工程总承包模式(Engineering-Procurement-Construction,EPC模式)在矿山生态修复治理中的现状,并基于SWOT分析法梳理出生态环境导向的矿山生态修复治理开发模式(Eco-environment-oriented Development,EOD模式)下矿山修复的内在优劣势和外部的机遇与挑战。研究结果表明,EOD模式可以很好地吸纳EPC模式和PPP模式的优点,将矿山修复工作融合到区域经济发展中,EOD模式的优势表现在促进区域融合发展、加速土地指标流转、废弃资源综合利用、经济增长与环境保护相协调、缓解政府治理环境的压力、国家部门政策支持,以及环境治理资金投入不断加大等方面。EOD模式在矿山生态修复治理方面的劣势主要表现为对于区位优势不突出的矿山难以起到很好的融资效果,进而实现经济效益,并且在利益分配方面也面临着尾矿处置权益边界不清晰和国家在生态修复过程中的制度缺陷等问题。
The ecological restoration and management of mines has become a key problem that needs to be solved urgently in ecological environment and regional coordinated development.This paper systematically analyzes the status quo of Public-Private-Partnership(PPP)mode and Engineering-Procurement-Construction(EPC)mode between the government and social capital in mine ecological restoration and management.Based on SWOT analysis,the internal advantages and disadvantages as well as external opportunities and challenges of mine restoration under Eco-environment-oriented Development(EOD)mode are sorted out.The research results show that EOD mode can absorb the advantages of EPC mode and PPP mode,and integrate mine rehabilitation work into regional economic development.The advantages of EOD mode are shown in promoting regional integrated development,accelerating the transfer of land indicators,coordinating the use of waste resources and economic growth with environmental protection,alleviating the pressure on the government to manage the environment,providing policy support for national departments,and increasing development opportunities for environmental governance funds.The disadvantages of EOD mode in mine environmental restoration and management are mainly manifested in that it is difficult to play a good financing effect and economic benefits for mines with no outstanding geographical advantages,and it also faces the threat of unclear boundary of tailings disposal rights and interests and institutional defects in the process of ecological restoration in the country in terms of profit distribution.
作者
李高
杨自安
杜斌
初娜
裴森龙
LI Gao;YANG Zi’an;DU Bin;CHU Na;PEI Senlong(Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation,Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin 150080,China;China Non-ferrous Metals Resource Geological Survey,Beijing 100012,China;School of Earth Science and Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《中国矿业》
北大核心
2024年第4期132-140,共9页
China Mining Magazine
