摘要
【目的】结合烟-稻两季定位调查与采样分析,研究土壤团聚体分布特征及其与土壤养分、作物产量的关系。【方法】选取同一母质正常烟田和障碍烟田各10个,进行定位调查和采样分析,采集0~20 cm表层土样,分析土壤团聚体、土壤养分与土壤生物学特征,研究烟-稻轮作土壤团聚体分布与土壤的关系。【结果】正常烟田土壤有机碳、全氮、碱解氮、铵态氮和速效钾以及土壤微生物基础呼吸、微生物生物量碳、微生物生物量氮、微生物生物量磷、β-葡萄糖苷酶、纤维素酶、氨基乙酰葡糖苷酶、β-D-吡喃木糖苷酶、酸性磷酸酶和多酚氧化酶显著高于障碍烟田(P<0.05);正常烟田烟草季、水稻季土壤大团聚体(2~8mm)显著高于障碍烟田,分别为35.09%、31.75%,且土壤团聚体稳定性指标高。正常烟田烟叶农艺性状与作物产量均显著高于障碍烟田。烟草季水稻季土壤大团聚体与土壤有机碳、全氮呈显著正相关。【结论】正常烟田土壤大团聚体(2~8mm)比障碍烟田高,土壤养分和团聚体分布差异明显,长期的烟-稻轮作促进了土壤团聚体形成,是土壤肥力提高和土壤结构改良的重要途径。
【Objective】This study utilized a combination of field surveys and soil sampling analyses during tobacco-rice cropping seasons to evaluate the distribution characteristics of soil aggregates and examine their relationships with soil nutrient levels and crop yields.【Method】Ten normal tobacco fields and ten obstacle tobacco fields,all situated on the same parent material,were selected.Field investigations and soil sampling were conducted at these sites.Surface soil samples(0-20 cm depth)were collected and analyzed for aggregate composition,nutrient content,and biological characteristics.The aim was to examine the relationship between soil aggregate distribution patterns and edaphic properties over the course of tobacco-rice crop rotations.【Result】Soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,alkaline-extractable nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,and readily available potassium as well as soil microbial basal respiration,microbial biomass carbon,microbial biomass nitrogen,microbial biomass phosphorus,β-glucosidase,cellulase,aminoacylglucosidase,and β-D-xylylglucosidase,acid phosphatase,and polyphenol oxidase in normal tobacco field were significantly higher than those in the barrier tobacco field(P<0.05).The proportion of macroaggregates(2-8 mm)during the tobacco and rice seasons in normal tobacco field was significantly higher than those in the barrier tobacco field,which were respectively 35.09% and 31.75%,with high aggregate stability.Tobacco growth parameters and crop yield were also substantially higher in normal tobacco field.There was a significant positive correlation between macroaggregates and soil organic carbon and total nitrogen during the rice season within tobacco fields.【Conclusion】The proportion of soil macroaggregates(2-8 mm)was higher in normal tobacco field compared to the barrier tobacco field,and differences in soil nutrient levels and aggregate distribution were clear.Long-term tobacco-rice crop rotations markedly enhanced soil aggregate formation.The development of soil structure through macroaggregate stabilization represents an important mechanism for improving soil fertility and physical properties over time under this cropping system.
作者
郝汉驰
肖子曼
肖艳松
李小慧
刘勇军
侯红波
龙坚
彭佩钦
HAO Hanchi;XIAO Ziman;XIAO Yansong;LI Xiaohui;LIU Yongjun;HOU Hongbo;LONG Jian;PENG Peiqin(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan Chenzhou Municipal Tobacco Company,Chenzhou 423015,China;Hunan Yongzhou Municipal Tobacco Company,Yongzhou 425000,China;Hunan Tobacco Science Institute,Changsha 410004,China)
出处
《湖南生态科学学报》
CAS
2024年第1期39-48,共10页
Journal of Hunan Ecological Science
基金
中国烟草总公司重点研发项目“烟-稻轮作区植烟土健康质量评价与保育技术研发与应用”(中烟办[2021]150号)。
关键词
烟-稻轮作
正常烟田
障碍烟田
土壤团聚体
养分特征
rice-tobacco crop rotation
normal tobacco field
barrier tobacco field
soil aggregates
nutrient characteristics
