摘要
以某高校危险化学品实验室为例,采用理论计算与数值模拟相结合的方法,研究危险化学品实验室丙烷、甲醇及乙醇的事故多米诺效应。结果表明,丙烷初级事故极易引发甲醇、乙醇二级事故,甲醇二级事故极易引发丙烷、乙醇三级事故,乙醇二级事故必然引发甲醇三级事故。事故半径r_(1)≤9 m、r_(2)≤6 m、r_(3)≤12 m、r_(4)≤15 m时死亡概率D_(1)、D_(2)、D_(3)、D_(4)均为100%,距离三级事故中心16.5 m处死亡概率快速下降为17.66%;从安全距离与布局优化、安全屏障、事故升级阈值及风险动态监测提出危险化学品实验室事故多米诺防控策略,超前预防实验室多米诺事故,为高校实验室以及石油化工行业重大多米诺事故预防提供理论指导。
Taking a laboratory of hazardous chemicals in a university in Guangdong as an example,the Domino effect of accidents involving propane,methanol and ethanol in a laboratory of hazardous chemicals was studied by combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation.The results show that propaning primary accidents can easily lead to second-level accidents with methanol and ethanol,second-level accidents with methanol can easily lead to third-level accidents with propane and ethanol,and second-level accidents with ethanol will inevitably lead to third-level accidents with methanol.When the accident radiuses are r_(1)≤9 m,r_(2)≤6 m,r_(3)≤12 m,r_(4)≤15 m,the death probabilities D_(1),D_(2),D_(3) and D_(4) are 100%.The probability of death at 16.5m away from the third-level accident center decreases rapidly to 17.66%.The prevention and control strategy of hazardous chemical laboratory accidents dominoes is proposed from four aspects,including safety distance and optimal layout,safety barrier,accident escalation threshold and dynamic risk monitoring,to prevent laboratory Domino accidents in advance,which provides theoretical guidance for the prevention of major Domino accidents in university laboratories and petrochemical industry.
作者
门金龙
朱柏坚
李菲
章鹏程
蔡冲冲
熊碧波
MEN Jinlong;ZHU Bojian;LI Fei;ZHANG Pengcheng;CAI Chongchong;XIONG Bibo(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology,Maoming 525000,Guangdong,China;College of Safety Science and Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China;School of Public Safety and Emergency Management,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650031,China)
出处
《实验室研究与探索》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第1期258-264,共7页
Research and Exploration In Laboratory
基金
广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2021A1515010166)
广东省高等教育学会实验室管理专业委员会基金项目(GDJ2022017)
广东石油化工学院2022年度校级教育教学改革研究项目(zy202220)。
关键词
实验室安全
危险化学品
多米诺事故
防控策略
laboratory safety
hazardous chemicals
Domino accident
prevention and control strategy
