摘要
自2018年美国对中国发起贸易战以来,半导体产业一直成为两国矛盾的核心焦点。文章通过对比20世纪70-90年代日美半导体摩擦的经验,发现美国对这两个国家半导体产业的冲击有着共同的根本原因:维护其在经济和科技领域的全球领先地位,并对华囿于更为复杂的涉及国际社会阵营、意识形态及军事实力等因素的考虑。并且从日本的历史经验中,获得了关于中国半导体产业发展的启示:政府有必要引领推动企业与大学等科研机构之间的紧密合作;同时,国际层面上应反对美国与其他国家合谋对华实施的“脱钩”行动,坚决阻止这种排斥态势的形成;最后,需要完善本国半导体产业供应链,降低对其他国家的依赖程度。通过这些举措,中国半导体产业方能迈向更加独立、可持续的发展。
Since the initiation of the trade war by the United States against China in 2018,the semiconductor industry has remained at the core of the bilateral tensions between the two countries.This study,through a comparative analysis of the Japan-US semiconductor friction during the 1970s to 1990s,identifies a shared fundamental rationale behind the U.S.impact on the semiconductor industries of both nations:the preservation of its global economic and technological leadership.Moreover,China is constrained by more complex considerations involving international alliances,ideological differences,and military capabilities.Drawing enlightenment from Japan's historical experiences,the study reveals several lessons for the development of China's semiconductor industry:the imperative role of government leadership in fostering robust collaboration between enterprises,universities,and research institutions;the necessity of international opposition to collaborative"decoupling"efforts targeting China by the U.S.and other nations,resolutely thwarting the emergence of such exclusionary trends;and lastly,the enhancement of the domestic semiconductor supply chain to mitigate reliance on other countries.By implementing these measures,China's semiconductor industry can advance towards a more independent and sustainable path of development.
作者
彭于欣
PENG Yuxin(Ritsumeikan University,Kyoto 6038577,Japan)
出处
《未来与发展》
2024年第3期43-48,共6页
Future and Development
关键词
日美半导体摩擦
中美半导体摩擦
贸易摩擦
Japan-US Semiconductor frictions
China-US semiconductor frictions
trade frictions
