摘要
为了研究玉米秸秆青贮、玉米秸秆与桑叶青贮在体外的组合效应,试验将玉米秸秆青贮、玉米秸秆与桑叶青贮3种饲料以不同比例(分别为100∶0∶0、80∶10∶10、70∶10∶20、70∶20∶10、60∶10∶30、60∶20∶20、60∶30∶10、50∶10∶40、50∶20∶30、50∶30∶20、50∶40∶10、0∶100∶0、0∶0∶100)组合进行发酵(每个组合3次重复),检测不同组合的体外产气量、干物质降解率、氨态氮浓度、pH值和挥发性脂肪酸浓度并分析不同饲料组合的组合效应。结果表明:随着发酵时间的延长,各组合的产气量呈逐渐上升趋势,发酵第2,4小时,组合12(玉米秸秆比例为100%)产气量最高;发酵第8~72小时,组合13(桑叶青贮比例为100%)产气量最高。发酵第72小时,各组合产气量随着桑叶青贮比例的提高而增加,其中组合8(桑叶青贮比例为40%)产气量显著高于其他组合(除组合13外,P<0.05);不同饲料组合对干物质降解率和氨态氮浓度有明显影响,但对pH值影响不明显。当玉米秸秆青贮比例固定时,对应组合干物质降解率随着桑叶青贮比例的增加而增加,组合13的干物质消化率和氨态氮浓度均最高。各组合pH值在6.72~6.81之间,其中组合1(玉米秸秆青贮比例为100%)的pH值最低,组合11(玉米秸秆和桑叶青贮比例分别为40%和10%)最高;乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度随着桑叶青贮比例的减少而降低,除组合13外,组合8的乙酸、丁酸、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度最高,各组合丙酸浓度和乙酸/丙酸差异不显著(P>0.05)。多项综合效应指数评定最优组合是组合8。说明玉米秸秆青贮、玉米秸秆、桑叶青贮的比例为50∶10∶40时,体外发酵效果最佳。
In order to study the combined effects of corn straw silage and corn straw and mulberry leaf silage in vitro,three kinds of feed combinations were fermented in different proportions(100∶0∶0,80∶10∶10,70∶10∶20,70∶20∶10,60∶10∶30,60∶20∶20,60∶30∶10,50∶10∶40,50∶20∶30,50∶30∶20,50∶40∶10,0∶100∶0,0∶0∶100),and each combination was repeated 3 times.After fermentation,the gas production in vitro,dry matter degradation rate,ammonia nitrogen,pH value and volatile fatty acid concentration of different combinations were detected and the combined effects of different feed combinations were analyzed.The results showed that the gas production of each combination gradually increased with the extension of fermentation time,and the gas production in combination 12(corn straw proportion was 100%)was the highest at the 2 nd and 4 th hours of fermentation.The gas production in combination 13(mulberry leaf silage proportion was 100%)at the 8th to 72nd hours of fermentation.The gas production increased with the increase of mulberry leaf silage proportion at the 72nd hours,and the gas production in combination 8(mulberry leaf silage proportion was 40%)was significantly higher than that in other combinations(except for combination 13,P<0.05).Different feed combinations had significant effects on dry matter degradation rate and ammonia nitrogen concentration,but had no significant effects on pH value.When the proportion of corn straw silage was fixed;the dry matter degradation rate of corresponding combinations increased with the increase of mulberry leaf silage proportion,and the dry matter digestibility and ammonia nitrogen concentration in combination 13 were the highest.The pH value of each combination was between 6.72 and 6.81,and the pH value in combination 1(corn straw silage proportion was 100%)was the lowest,and the pH value in combination 11(corn straw and mulberry leaf silage proportion was 40%and 10%respectively)was the highest.The concentrations of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and total volatile fatty acids decreased with the decrease of the proportion of mulberry leaf silage.Except for combination 13,the concentrations of acetic acid,butyric acid and total volatile fatty acids in combination 8 were the highest.There were no significant differences in propionic acid concentration and acetic acid/propionic acid among all combinations(P>0.05).The optimal combination was combination 8 according to multiple comprehensive effect indexes.The results indicated that the optimal in vitro fermentation effect was 50∶10∶40 for the proportion of corn straw silage,corn straw and mulberry leaf silage.
作者
靳光
张元庆
王栋才
张丹丹
杨振兴
李博
徐芳
程景
JIN Guang;ZHANG Yuanqing;WANG Dongcai;ZHANG Dandan;YANG Zhenxing;LI Bo;XU Fang;CHENG Jing(College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science,Taiyuan 030032,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第5期86-91,99,共7页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
国家重点研发计划子课题项目(2021YFD1900705-01)
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX2022C025)。
关键词
玉米秸秆青贮
玉米秸秆
桑叶青贮
体外发酵
组合效应
corn stalk silage
corn stalk
mulberry leaf silage
fermentation in vitro
combination effect
