摘要
豆禾混播比例是影响混播草地产量和品质的关键因素,为筛选宁夏引黄灌区适宜的燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播比例,试验设置燕麦与箭筈豌豆4个比例[A5V5(5∶5)、A6V4(6∶4)、A7V3(7∶3)和A8V2(8∶2)]混播及两者单播共6个处理,对混播草地生产性能、种间竞争以及营养价值进行研究。结果表明,混播处理的年干草产量为14.84~17.62 t·hm^(-2),较燕麦单播提高4.53%~24.10%,较箭筈豌豆单播提高64.03%~94.75%,其中A8V2处理的年干草产量最高(17.62 t·hm^(-2)),且显著高于单播及A5V5处理,A6V4次之(16.61 t·hm^(-2))。所有混播的土地当量比均大于1,表明混播提高了土地利用效率,且种间干扰小于种内干扰,燕麦和箭筈豌豆表现出共生关系,其中A8V2处理的土地当量比最高,为1.30,说明该处理增产效益最为明显。混播群落中燕麦的相对产量均大于箭筈豌豆,燕麦的侵略强度大于0,燕麦的竞争比率大于箭筈豌豆,表明燕麦的侵占力大于箭筈豌豆,燕麦具有竞争优势。而在饲草营养品质上,各混播处理间无显著差异,其中A5V5处理营养品质数值最高,A6V4处理的粗蛋白产量最高(1.90 t·hm^(-2))。综上所述,燕麦和箭筈豌豆以A8V2混合配比的产量、土地当量比、系统生产力指数(8.94)以及年净收入(16418元·hm^(-2))均最高。因此推荐燕麦与箭筈豌豆以8∶2比例在宁夏引黄灌区推广种植。
The ratio of seeding rates in mixed sowings of legumes and grasses is a key factor affecting the yield and quality of mixed grassland.This research investigated the optimal ratio of mixed sowing seeding rates for oat and common vetch in the Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area.Six treatments were set up:Four ratios of oat and common vetch[A5V5(5∶5),A6V4(6∶4),A7V3(7∶3)and A8V2(8∶2)]together with oat and common vetch monocultures,to investigate the production,interspecific competition and nutritional value of the two monocultures and their combinations.It was found that the annual hay yield of the mixed treatments ranged from 14.84 to 17.62 t·ha^(-1),which was 4.53%to 24.10%higher than that of oats sown alone and 64.03%to 94.75%higher than that of common vetch sown alone.The A8V2 treatment had the highest annual hay yield(17.62 t·ha^(-1)),which was significantly higher than that of the single sown and A5V5 treatments.The treatment A6V4 had the second highest trial yield of 16.61 t·ha^(-1).The land equivalent ratio of all mixtures was greater than 1,indicating that the mixtures improved land use efficiency.Interspecies disturbance was less than intraspecies disturbance,and oat and common vetch showed a synergistic relationship,whereby the highest land equivalent ratio of 1.30 was found in the A8V2 treatment,indicating that this treatment had the greatest benefit in terms of increased yield.The relative yields of oat were all greater than those of common vetch in the mixed treatments.The aggression intensity of oat was greater than 0 and the competition ratio of oat was greater than that of common vetch,indicating that the aggression of oats was greater than that of common vetch and that oat had a competitive advantage.Regarding the nutritional quality of the forage,there was no significant difference between the mixed treatments.However,A5V5 had the numerically highest nutritional quality and A6V4 had the numerically highest crude protein yield(1.90 t·ha^(-1)).Overall,mixed cropped oat and common vetch had the highest yield,land equivalent ratio,system productivity index(8.94)and net annual income(16418 yuan·ha^(-1))with the A8V2 mixture.Therefore,it is recommended that oat and common vetch mixtures planted at a ratio of 8∶2 should be promoted in the Ningxia Yellow River Irrigation Area.
作者
冯琴
何小莉
王斌
王腾飞
倪旺
马霞
明雪花
邓建强
兰剑
FENG Qin;HE Xiao-li;WANG Bin;WANG Teng-fei;NI Wang;MA Xia;MING Xue-hua;DENG Jian-qiang;LAN Jian(College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Grass and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China;Innovation Key Laboratory of Forage Efficient Production Mode of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China;Animal Husbandry Technique Extensional Service Center of Shizuishan,Shizuishan 753000,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期107-119,共13页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)项目(NXYLXK2017A01)
“一年两熟”人工草地可持续发展模式研究与示范项目(2020BBF02001)资助。
关键词
燕麦
箭筈豌豆
混播草地
生产性能
种间竞争
oat
common vetch
mixed grassland
production performance
interspecific competition
