摘要
古文“助”字有两种写法,其一是虽有所讹变,但基本保留甲骨文中近似“叀”的原始形态;其二是顺应汉字形声化趋势,在赘加表助力的“力”或“月(肉)”旁之后发展出的,以“助”字表意初文为声符的形声写法。前者多见于商周甲骨、金文,后者则被保留在以清华简为代表的东周古文字资料当中。楚文字中用为“助”的从支、膚声之字多半是“扶”字异体,出现这种情况的原因可能与楚文字中的“道”字又被写成从行、从人之形类似,属同义替换。
For Chinese ancient character Zhu(助),there were two kinds of writing.One form was often found in inscriptions on oracle bones,and was familiar with Zhuan(叀)which reserved its original meaning.Another common term had added a symbol to indicate its essential meaning,such as li(力)or rou(月/肉),and the original form was kept as the new form's phonetic symbol.By analyzing unearthed materials,people c∞ould find that the former writing usually appeared in Shang Chou Bronze inscriptions,while the latter was largely preserved in Tsinghua bamboo slips.As for the Chu(楚)character composited by pu(支)and fu(膚),it was actually another term of Fu(扶),not Zhu(助).The reason for the situa tion may be similar to the word Dao(道)is written in the form of xing(行)and ren(人)in Chu manuscripts,which belongs to the synonymous substitution.
作者
杨蒙生
Yang Mengsheng(Bejing Literature Language and Cultural Heritage Research Base,Beijing Language and Culture University;"Paleography and Chinese Cviliza tion Inheritance and Development Program"Collaborative Innovation Platfom,Beijing 100083)
出处
《中国文字研究》
2023年第2期74-79,共6页
The Study of Chinese Characters
基金
国家社会科学基金“清华大学藏战国竹简所见东周人物人名用字及其族系诸问题研究”(22BYY105)项目资助
北京语言大学一流学科团队支持计划和“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”规划项目“清华简与儒家经典的形成发展研究”(G3458)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
清华简
助
叀
膚
Tsinghua bamboo slips
Zhu(助)
Zhuan(吏)
fu(膚)
