摘要
为解决传统传感器柔性差、制备成本高等问题,以涤纶包氨纶纱为基材,通过聚多巴胺修饰和聚吡咯的原位冷冻界面聚合制备了具有快速响应、稳定的电力学性能和循环耐用传感性能的柔性纱线应变传感器。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱分析仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪对导电纱的微观形貌和化学结构进行表征,探究了不同拉伸应变下导电纱的电阻变化性能。结果显示:在吡咯单体与三氯化铁的量比为1的最佳配比下,在不同的拉伸范围、拉伸速度下,纱线传感器电阻变化稳定,拉伸形变小于6%时,灵敏度达4.039;在10%应变下,响应时间为166.67 ms;此外,纱线循环拉伸1000次后仍具有优异的稳定性。导电纱可通过编织、针织或刺绣等方式与织物相结合,实时监测人体关节活动,广泛应用于人体运动识别和远程医疗服务等领域。
Objective In order to solve the problems of poor flexibility and limited working range of conventional rigid sensors,smart sensoring devices are constantly shifting to miniaturization,flexibility and portability.Flexible wearable sensors can monitor human signals accurately and quickly,facilitating fitting into the human body or combine with clothing.The yarn-based flexible strain sensors have attracted much research attention to the engineering of flexible strain transducers taking advantages of their processability,high elasticity and wide adaptability.Method With polyester-coated spandex yarn as the substrate,a layer of polydopamine(PDA)was deposited on the surface of the substrate by impregnation to improve the adhesion of polypyrrole(PPy)to the substrate.Then,PPy was synthesized by in-situ freezing interface polymerization to effectively avoid unfavorable cross-linking or branching in the polymer,improve the conductivity,and obtain a flexible yarn strain sensor aiming for excellent tensile strain sensing performance.The conductive yarn′s microscopic morphology and chemical structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Results The characterization resultsall proved the successful load of PDA and PPy.After PDA modification,a uniform and uneven PDA coating layer was formed on the surface of the yarn,and the hydrophilicity of the fiber surface was greatly improved.After in-situ polymerization of PPy,a granular PPy conductive layer was observed on the surface of the yarn,forming a conductive path.With the optimal ratio of n(pyrrole)/n(ferric chloride)of 1,the yarn resistance value was the lowest at 0.33 kΩ/cm.Weightsof different mass were loaded on the same section of the yarn,and as the weight mass increased,the tensile deformation of the yarn gradually increased,resulting in a gradual increase in the yarn resistance value.Three stages of the main resistance were observed in the diagram of relative resistance and strain.In the first stage,the relative resistance change increased very rapidly at a strain of 0%to 6%,with a gage factor(G F)value of 4.039.In the strain range of 6%to 18%,the relative resistance change increased gradually slowing down as the strain increased,and the G F value was 1.006.At 18%to 30%strain,the relative resistance change increased slowly,and the G F value was 0.318.The change in resistance was attributed to the deformation and movement of polyester fibers after tensile strain.The prepared strain sensor simultaneously achieved a broad working range of 60%,a fast response time of 166.67 ms,which is of almost frequency-independent reliability,and stable cycle durability over 1000 cycles.In addition,human activity could be detected when the yarn sensor was connected directly to different body parts,such as the mouth,abdomen,fingers,and knees.In the example,the yarn sensor was fixed beside the mouth,and when the tester spoke different words such as"Jiangnan","Zhongguo","Shaxiang"and so on,the yarn sensor recorded a specific waveform signal for each vocalization because of the different amplitudes and patterns of the mouth opening and closing.The sensor recorded almost the same waveform when the same words were repeated.Connecting the yarn to the human abdomen the sensor detected the slight deformation caused by different shades of breathing state.All these verified that the PDA/PPy/polyester-coated spandex conductive yarn had good sensitivity.Conclusion PDA/PPy/polyester-coated spandex conductive yarns have excellent stability,sensitivity,durability and repeatability to meet the requirementsof wearable strain transducers.In addition,conductive yarns can be combined into woven,knitted and embroidery fabrics to monitor human joint activities in real time and have great potential in speech recognition,rehabilitation training,monitoring of respiratory.The outcome of the research demonstrate potentials in helping patientswith joint injury and monitoring vital vegetative signs.
作者
艾靓雯
卢东星
廖师琴
王清清
AI Jingwen;LU Dongxing;LIAO Shiqin;WANG Qingqing(Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles(Jiangnan University),Ministry of Education,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122,China;Jiangxi Center for Modern Apparel Engineering and Technology,Jiangxi Institute of Fashion Technology,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330201,China)
出处
《纺织学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期74-82,共9页
Journal of Textile Research
基金
江苏省先进纺织工程技术中心资助项目(XJFZ/2021/4)
江西省自然科学基金项目(20212BAB214016)。
关键词
聚多巴胺
聚吡咯
涤纶包氯纶
弹性纱
导电性能
原位冷冻界面聚合法
纱线应变传感器
polydopamine
polypyrrole
polyester-coated spandex elastic yarn
conductive property
in-situ freezing interfacial polymerization
yarn strain sensor
