摘要
为研究饲料中不同脂肪源对克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)生长、营养代谢及其肠道菌群组成的影响,本实验通过在人工配合饲料中分别添加5%的豆油(SO)、鱼油(FO)、猪油(LO)和混合油(豆油∶鱼油=1∶1,MO)作为主要脂肪源,对克氏原螯虾进行60 d饲喂实验后检测其生理生化指标与肠道菌群组成。结果显示:不同脂肪源对克氏原螯虾存活率与特定生长率影响显著,MO组存活率与特定生长率均为最高,LO组均显著低于其他组;营养代谢指标检测结果显示,LO组肝胰脏的脂肪酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和血清的总胆固醇均显著高于其他实验组;运用16S rDNA高通量测序技术对肠道微生物组成进行测定,结果显示四个组共有优势菌属只有拟杆菌属(Bacteroides),可见脂肪源是克氏原螯虾肠道菌群的较大影响因素;未知的RsaHf231菌属和Anaerorhabdus_furcosa_group属是除了SO组外其他三组的共有优势菌群;柠檬酸杆菌属(Citrobacter)是SO组和FO组的优势菌群;Candidatus_Bacilloplasma是MO组特有优势菌群。综上所述,混合油更能满足克氏原螯虾生长所需,其肠道菌群组成也更为稳定;猪油不适宜作为饲料单一脂肪源,易引起虾体肝胰脏损伤进而影响生长。
The experiment was conducted by adding 5%soybean oil(SO),fish oil(FO),lard(LO),and mixed oil(soybean oil∶fish oil=1∶1,MO)as the main lipid sources in the artificial formula feed to study the effects of different lipid sources in the feed on the growth,nutrient metabolism and intestinal flora composition of Procambarus clarkii,Meanwhile,and detected the physiological and biochemical indexes and Gut microbiota of P.clarkii after 60 days of feeding experiment were detected.The results showed that different lipid sources significantly affected the survival rate and specific growth rate of Crayfish.The MO group was the highest,while the LO group was significantly lower than others.The results of nutritional metabolism showed that the lipase,alanine aminotransferase,glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and total cholesterol in the serum of hepatopancreas in the LO group were significantly higher than those in other experimental groups.The 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to determine the composition of intestinal microorganisms.The results showed that at the genus level,only Bacteroides was the dominant genus in the four groups.It can be seen that fat source was a significant factor affecting the intestinal flora of P.clarkii;g_unidentified_RsaHf231 and Anaerorhabdus_furcosa_group is the typical dominant flora of the other three groups except SO group;Citrobacter is the dominant flora of SO group and FO group;Candidatus_Bacilloplasma is a unique dominant flora of MO group.To sum up,the mixed oil can better meet the needs of P.clarkii growth,and its intestinal flora composition is more stable and beneficial to growth and health.Lard oil is not suitable as a single fat source of feed,which can easily cause liver and pancreas damage and affect the growth level of P.clarkii.This experiment also found aspecific correlation between nutritional metabolism indicators and intestinal flora,but further verification was needed.
作者
王超男
黄凯
郭睿婕
于凯
曹鑫盛
李辉廷
莫翠琴
WANG Chaonan;HUANG Kai;GUO Ruijie;YU Kai;CAO Xinsheng;LI Huiting;MO Cuiqin(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Tianjin Zanlan Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300000,China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期27-35,共9页
Freshwater Fisheries
基金
广西科技重大专项创新驱动发展基金(桂科AA20302019-6)。
