摘要
目的:探究我国老年人社会参与情况及其与认知障碍的关系,为预防和干预老年人认知障碍提供参考。方法:基于中国健康与养老追踪调查项目2018年数据,分析我国60岁及以上老年人的社会参与情况,并采用简易精神状态量表测量其认知功能状况,应用logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果:筛选后共纳入3370名研究对象,589人有认知障碍(17.48%),1931人至少参与了1项社会活动(57.30%)。多因素分析结果显示,有社会参与[Adjusted OR(AOR)=0.699,95%CI为(0.552,0.886)]、参与活动数量[AOR=0.799,95%CI为(0.712,0.897)]和参与活动种类数量[AOR=0.742,95%CI为(0.634,0.868)]、社会参与总水平[AOR=0.885,95%CI为(0.837,0.936)]、社交娱乐类活动的参与水平[AOR=0.898,95%CI为(0.838,0.962)]、数字媒体类活动的参与水平[AOR=0.705,95%CI为(0.590,0.843)]与老年人认知障碍发生风险呈负相关。结论:我国老年人的社会参与水平较低,老年人参加社会活动的项目、种类数量增加及频率升高将降低其认知障碍发生的风险。应鼓励老年人积极参与各种社会活动,并重点提高老年人社交娱乐类及数字媒体类等社会活动的参与水平以助于预防老年人认知障碍发生。
Objective:To explore the status of social participation and its relationship with cognitive impairment among Chinese elderly,so as to provide references for prevention and intervention of cognitive impairment of the elderly.Methods:Based on the China health and retirement longitudinal study in 2018,the status of social participation of the elderly aged≥60 years old in China was analyzed and the minimum mental state examination was used to measure the cognitive function.Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:A total of 3370 valid subjects were included after screening,and 589 had cognitive impairment(17.48%),and 1931 participated in a social activity at least(57.30%).The results of multivariate analysis showed that participating in social activities[AOR=0.699,95%CI was(0.552,0.886)],the number of activities[AOR=0.799,95%CI was(0.712,0.897)]and the number of types of activities participating in[AOR=0.742,95%CI was(0.634,0.868)],the overall level of social participation[AOR=0.885,95%CI was(0.837,0.936)],the level of participating in activities of entertainment[AOR=0.898,95%CI was(0.838,0.962)]and the level of participating in activities of digital media[AOR=0.705,95%CI was(0.590,0.843)]were negatively associated with the risk of cognitive impairment among the elderly.Conclusion:The social participation level of the elderly in China is relatively low.The increase in the number,variety and frequency of social activities in the elderly will reduce the risk of cognitive impairment.The elderly should be encouraged to participate actively in various social activities,and improving the participation in social activities of entertainment and digital media should be focused on to help prevent the elderly's occurrence of cognitive impairment.
作者
朱正杰
施正丽
张浩
曹望楠
纪颖
史宇晖
ZHU Zhengjie(School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing,100191,China)
出处
《医学与社会》
北大核心
2023年第12期53-58,共6页
Medicine and Society
基金
北京市自然科学基金-海淀原始创新联合基金项目,编号为L222029。
关键词
老年健康
认知障碍
社会参与
Elderly Health
Cognitive Impairment
Social Participation
