摘要
目的 分析山东省枣庄市枣庄市立医院2018-2022年食源性疾病主动监测数据,了解食源性疾病的流行病学特征,为制定其防控措施提供依据。方法 收集2018-2022年枣庄市立医院上报的食源性疾病监测病例资料,包括病例基本信息、流行病学特征、临床症状、暴露食品等。采用χ^(2)检验和Fisher确切概率法进行统计学分析。结果 2018-2022年该医院共采样送检标本1 235例,检出阳性215例,阳性检出率为17.41%;其中诺如病毒检出率最高,为8.10%;其次为副溶血性弧菌,检出率为6.32%。男665例,女570例;男性病原体阳性检出率为17.74%,略高于女性的17.02%,但差异无统计学意义,χ^(2)=0.113,P=0.737。20~29岁年龄组病原体阳性检出率最高,为22.73%;≥60岁年龄组病原体阳性检出率最低,为9.09%;不同年龄组病原体阳性检出率差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=19.335,P=0.004。商业服务人员病原体阳性检出率最高,为25.00%,不同职业病原体阳性检出率差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=22.650,P=0.031。发病时间主要集中在6-9月,采集送检标本为997例。临床症状主要包括腹泻、呕吐、腹痛和发热,其中伴有呕吐症状患者的送检标本病原体阳性检出率最高,为20.93%,不同临床症状病原体阳性检出率差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=27.342,P<0.001。可疑暴露食品中水产动物及其制品检出率最高,为28.41%;其次为肉与肉制品,检出率为21.58%;不同暴露食品病原体阳性检出率差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=30.152,P=0.004。结论 枣庄市立医院食源性疾病在夏秋季高发,诺如病毒和副溶血性弧菌为主要病原体,应重点关注商业服务行业和青年人群,加强主动监测能力和宣传教育力度,降低食源性疾病的发生。
Objective To analyze the active monitoring data of foodborne diseases in Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital of Zaozhuang City,Shandong Province from 2018 to 2022,understand the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases,and provide a basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods The data of foodborne disease surveillance cases reported by Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital from 2018 to 2022 were collected,including basic information,epidemiological characteristics,clinical symptoms,exposed food and so on.χ^(2) test and Fisher exact probability method were used for statistical analysis.Results From 2018 to 2022,a total of 1235 samples were collected from the hospital,and 215 positive cases were detected,with a positive detection rate of 17.41%.Among them,the detection rate of norovirus was the highest(8.10%).Followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus,the detection rate was 6.32%.There were 665 males and 570 females.The positive rate of pathogens in males was 17.74%,which was slightly higher than that in females(17.02%),but the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.113,P=0.737).The positive detection rate of pathogens in the 20-29 age group was the highest(22.73%).The positive detection rate of pathogens was the lowest in the age group of≥60 years(9.09%).The difference in the positive detection rate of pathogens in different age groups was statistically significant,χ^(2)=19.335,P=0.004.The positive detection rate of pathogens in commercial service personnel was the highest(25.00%),and the positive detection rate of pathogens in different occupations was statistically significant,χ^(2)=22.650,P=0.031.The onset time was mainly concentrated in June-September,and 997 specimens were collected.The clinical symptoms mainly included diarrhea,vomiting,abdominal pain and fever.Among them,the positive detection rate of pathogens in the submitted specimens of patients with vomiting symptoms was the highest,which was 20.93%.There was a statistically significant difference in the positive detection rate of pathogens in different clinical symptoms,χ^(2)=27.342,P<o.oo1.The detection rate of aquatic animals and their products in suspiciously exposed food was the highest(28.41%).Followed by meat and meat products,the detection rate was 21.58%;there was significant difference in the positive detection rate of pathogens in different exposed food,χ^(2)=30.152,P=0.004.Conclusion The incidence of foodborne diseases in Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital is high in summer and autumn.Norovirus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are the main pathogens.Attention should be paid to the commercial service industry and young people,and the active monitoring ability and publicity and education should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of foodborne diseases.
作者
黄静
朱华
李秀丽
张孟林
HUANG Jing;ZHU Hua;LI Xiuli;ZHANG Menglin(Department of Public Health,Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital,Zaozhuang,Shandong 277100,China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
CAS
2023年第24期1265-1269,共5页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
食源性疾病
主动监测
流行病学特征
枣庄市
foodborne diseases
active monitoring
epidemiological characteristics
Zaozhuang city
