摘要
为探究烟草黑胫病不同发病程度与土壤生态环境影响因子之间的关系,明确与黑胫病发病程度相关的因素,为今后黑胫病的生物防疫工作提供理论基础。本研究通过田间调查,收集烟草黑胫病不同发病程度的根际土壤(病级:0、5、7、9级),测定了土壤理化指标和酶活性,并采用16S DNA和ITS基因测序技术分析了烟株发病与未发病根际土壤细菌及真菌群落结构的差异。结果表明:(1)黑胫病发病土壤的碱解氮(AN)、硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、有效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)、蔗糖酶(SUC)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)及酸性磷酸酶(ACP)与正常土壤相比最高分别增加了197.53 mg/kg、82.67 mg/kg、33.17 mg/kg、65.7 mg/kg、358.07 mg/kg、8.84 mg/(d·g)、56.80µmol/(h·g)、3938.69 nmol/(h·g),且各处理间达到显著差异(P<0.05);(2)与未发病土壤相比,发病土壤细菌、真菌群落结构多样性较低,且随着发病程度增加,多样性逐步降低;(3)发病土壤厚壁菌门、镰刀菌属、棘壳孢属相对丰度高于正常土壤,而变形杆菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、浮霉菌门、被孢霉属、孢球托霉属和沙蜥属群落丰度则低于正常土壤;(4)指示物种分析表明,与正常土壤相比,发病土壤中放线菌门、酸杆菌门、厚壁菌门、孢球托霉属和棘壳孢属存在显著正响应,为病害发生的指示物种;(5)冗余分析(RDA)表明,放线菌门、酸杆菌门、孢球托霉属与病害发生呈负相关,而厚壁菌门、棘壳孢属则相反。综上所述,根际土壤中放线菌门、酸杆菌门、孢球托霉属相对丰度增加和厚壁菌门、棘壳孢属相对丰度降低是烟草黑胫病发病的重要微生物因素。
In this study,in order to explore the relationship between the different incidence of tobacco black shank and soil ecological environment factors,to clarify the factors related to the incidence of black shank,and to provide a theoretical basis for the future biological epidemic prevention of black shank,the rhizosphere soils(disease grades:0,5,7,and 9)with different incidences of tobacco black shank were collected through field investigations,and the soil physical and chemical indexes and enzyme activities were determined,and 16S DNA and ITS gene sequencing technologies were used.The differences of bacterial and fungal community structure in the rhizosphere soil of diseased and uninfected tobacco plants were analyzed.The results showed:(1)Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(AN),nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N),ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),available phosphorus(AP),available potassium(AK),sucrose enzyme(SUC),catalase(CAT)and acid phosphatase(ACP)increased by 197.53 mg/kg,82.67 mg/kg,33.17 mg/kg,65.7 mg/kg,358.07 mg/kg,8.84 mg/(d·g),56.80μmol/(h·g),3938.69 nmol/(h·g),respectively,compared with normal soil and there were significant differences among the treatments(P<0.05);(2)Compared with the uninfected soil,the diversity of bacterial and fungal community structure of the diseased soil was low,and the diversity gradually decreased with the increase of the disease degree;(3)The relative abundances of B.Firmicutes,F.Nicotiana,F.Fusarium,F.Setophoma in the diseased soil were higher than those in the normal soil,while B.Proteobacteria,B.Actinobacteria,B.Acidobacteria,B.Chloroflexi,B.Planctomycetes,F.Mortierella,F.Gongronella and F.Saitozyma community abundances were lower than those in the normal soil;(4)The indicator species analysis showed that compared with normal soil,B.Actinobacteria,B.Acidobacteria,B.Firmicutes,F.Gongronella and F.Setophoma had significant positive responses and were the indicator species for disease occurrence;(5)Redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that B.Actinobacteria,B.Acidobacteria and F.Gongronella were associated with disease occurrence and were negatively correlated,whereas B.Firmicutes and F.Setophoma were the opposite.In conclusion,the increased relative abundances of B.Actinobacteria,B.Acidobacteria,and F.Gongronella and the decreased relative abundances of B.Firmicutes and F.Setophoma in the rhizosphere soil were important microbial factors for the pathogenesis of tobacco black shank.
作者
吴寿明
高正锋
白茂军
潘首慧
范成平
董延鑫
杨索
王莹
陈汶
杨小龙
岑浩
田玉琴
昝建朋
吴海
吕芬
WU Shou-ming;GAO Zheng-feng;BAI Mao-jun;PAN Shou-hui;FAN Cheng-ping;DONG Yan-xin;YANG Suo;WANG Ying;CHEN Wen;YANG Xiao-long;CEN Hao;TIAN Yu-qin;ZAN Jian-peng;WU Hai;LV Fen(China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co.,LTD.,Guiyang Guizhou 550009;Anshun Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province,Anshun Guizhou 561000;College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期223-231,共9页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
贵州省烟草公司重点研发项目(2021XM15)。
关键词
烤烟
黑胫病
发病程度
微生物群落结构
特异物种
flue-cured tobacco
the black shank
degree of disease
microbial community structure
specific species
