摘要
堰塞坝物源及颗粒物质组成十分复杂,从黏土到卵石不等,具有宽级配、堆积松散、以及颗粒组成非均匀等特点,在高水力梯度条件下极易发生渗透破坏。通过对堰塞坝材料进行了不同级配特征和不同水力梯度的渗透试验,探索不同级配特征和不同水力梯度对堰塞坝材料渗透特性的影响。结果表明:干密度越小,表明细颗粒填充度不高,使得孔隙比增大,材料容易发生渗透破坏;发生渗透破坏的条件之一为粗颗粒与细颗粒含量之和应大于中等颗粒含量;基于可启动颗粒直径小于孔隙通道直径颗粒才可自由输移条件,并结合试验相关数据提出矿渣型堵塞坝材料发生渗透破坏的临界水力梯度计算公式。该研究揭示了堰塞坝材料渗流特性,可为堰塞坝渗透破坏防治提供参考。
The particle size composition of the landslide dams are very complex.The particles vary from clay to pebble,and are characterized by wide gradation,loose accumulation,and non-uniform particle composition.It is prone to seepage failure under the condition of high hydraulic gradient.The permeability tests with different gradation characteristics and different hydraulic gradients are carried out to explore the influence of different gradation characteristics and different hydraulic gradients on the permeability characteristics of landslide dam materials.The results show that the smaller the dry density is,the smaller the filling degree of the fine particles,which leads to the increase of the pore ratio and the seepage failure of the material.One of the conditions for seepage failure is that the sum of the contents of coarse particles and fine particles should be greater than that of medium particles.Based on the condition that particles with diameter smaller than pore channel diameter can be transported freely and combined with the relevant test data,a formula for calculating the critical hydraulic gradient for seepage failure of mine waste landslide dam materials is proposed.This study reveals the seepage characteristics of landslide dam material,which can provide reference for the prevention and control of seepage failure of landslide dam.
作者
康永闯
朱兴华
刘邦晓
孔静雯
王梦奎
KANG Yongchuang;ZHU Xinghua;LIU Bangxiao;KONG Jingwen;WANG Mengkui(School of Geological Engineering and Surveying,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of Education,Xi'an 710054,China;Lianyungang Xuwei Urban Construction Engineering Co,Ltd.,Lianyungang 222000,China)
出处
《西北水电》
2023年第4期30-37,共8页
Northwest Hydropower
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41877249)
中央高校基金(300102262905).
关键词
堰塞坝
渗透特性
管涌
级配特征
临界水力梯度
landslide dam
seepage characteristics
piping
gradation characteristics
critical hydraulic gradient
