摘要
水源涵养服务作为生态系统服务的重要组成部分,直接关系到当地经济、社会和生态系统的韧性与可持续发展.为深入探讨热带雨林区水源涵养服务的时空演变规律和驱动机理,以海南热带雨林国家公园为例,采用InVEST模型对2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年和2020年的水源涵养服务进行评估,采用ArcGIS 10.2软件分析水源涵养服务的时间演变规律与空间分布格局,并利用LightGBM机器学习探究水源涵养服务时空变化的主要驱动因素.结果表明:2000—2020年海南热带雨林国家公园水源涵养服务在时间尺度上波动较大,呈现“先下降、后上升”的趋势,2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年和2020年水源涵养量分别为5.36×10^(9)、4.23×10^(9)、3.93×10^(9)、4.30×10^(9)、4.34×10^(9)m^(3);在空间尺度上分布格局差异较大,呈现“东高西低、南高北低”的特点,且具有较强的空间相关性,空间聚集特征明显(Moran′s I>0.93,Z>2.58);西部地区有较多空间冷点,而东部地区有较多空间热点;蜂窝图分析表明,降水量、蒸发量和土地利用类型对水源涵养服务的边际贡献最高,其中,水源涵养服务与降水量呈正相关,与蒸发量呈负相关,同时受土地利用类型影响较为显著.研究显示,海南热带雨林国家公园水源涵养服务存在明显的时间演变规律和空间变异格局,且呈现出空间集聚特征,自然因素(主要为降水量和蒸发量)和人类活动(主要为土地利用类型)的双重影响是水源涵养服务变化的主要驱动因素.研究结果可为国家公园水源涵养服务重点区域识别及规划、水源涵养功能维持及决策管理提供参考.
Water conservation,as an important component of ecosystem services,is directly related to the resilience and sustainable development of the local economy,society,and ecosystem.In order to deeply explore the spatiotemporal evolution and driving mechanism of water conservation in tropical rainforest,taking Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park as a pilot,this paper used ArcGIS and InVEST model to evaluate the data of five periods in 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020,analyzed the temporal evolution and spatial distribution pattern of water conservation,and used LightGBM machine learning to explore the main driving factors of temporal and spatial changes of water conservation.The results showed that the water conservation service in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park fluctuated significantly on a time scale,showing a trend of first decreasing and then increasing from 2000 to 2020.The amount of water conservation in the five periods was 5.36×10^(9),4.23×10^(9),3.93×10^(9),4.30×10^(9) and 4.34×10^(9) m^(3),respectively.In terms of spatial scale,the distribution pattern was significant different,characterized by‘high in the east and low in the west,and high in the south and low in the north’.Water conservation had a strong spatial aggregation pattern(Moran′s I>0.93,Z>2.58),with more spatial cold spots in the western region and more hot spots in the eastern region.The honeycomb chart showed that precipitation,evaporation and land use and land cover(LULC)had higher marginal contribution to water conservation.Water conservation was positively correlated with precipitation and negatively correlated with evaporation,and was significantly affected by LULC.The results showed that the water conservation services exhibited obvious temporal evolution pattern and spatial variation pattern,and exhibited spatial agglomeration characteristics in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.The dual effects of natural factors including precipitation and evaporation and human activities including LULC are the main driving factors of water conservation changes.This study provides a theoretical basis for the identification and planning of key areas for water conservation in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park,the maintenance of water conservation functions,and the decision-making management of national parks.
作者
杜乐山
刘海鸥
刘文慧
王槐睿
张颖
全占军
DU Leshan;LIU Haiou;LIU Wenhui;WANG Huairui;ZHANG Ying;QUAN Zhanjun(School of Economics&Management,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Ecology,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Hainan Radiation Environment Monitoring Station,Haikou 571126,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期1716-1727,共12页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
全球环境基金项目(No.52072020045)
国家自然科学基金项目(No.72173011)。
关键词
国家公园
水源涵养
时间演变
空间格局
自相关
驱动因素
national park
water conservation
spatial variations
temporal pattern
spatial autocorrelation
driving factors
