摘要
2011年中东变局后,俄罗斯与土耳其在中东、高加索及乌克兰—黑海等利益重合地带的竞争与冲突并未演变为两国间的全面对抗,反而促使双边关系出现时敌时友、“对抗性合作”等新特征。这些特征一定程度上也反映了世界进入新的动荡变革期后大国关系的普遍特点。在世界政治的关系理论视角下,借鉴中国社会学中的“差序”概念提出的国家间差序互动模式或可用来解释俄土两国为何会出现对抗性合作。就其机制而言,差序互动模式主要存在两条实现途径:其一,国家“以自我为中心”组建不同的关系网络,实现利益的横向划分;其二,在各关系网络内,地位差异形成国家战略目标的差异化排序。随着与西方关系的恶化,俄土两国在利益重合地带组建起新的合作机制,形成新的关系网络,实现了两国间利益的横向划分;同时,地区之间不同关系圈中的地位差异赋予两国在战略目标上不同的优先顺序。利益的横向划分及战略目标的差异化排序促成了俄土两国大战略的交错契合,构成了双方差序互动的基础。差序互动模式的提出也为理解国家间关系的稳定及其变化提供了新的分析视角和研究路径。
After the Middle East Upheaval,the competition and conflict between Russia and Türkiye in the shared interest areas of the Middle East,Caucasus,UkraineBlack Sea region,and others have not evolved into a comprehensive confrontation,but have promoted new characteristics such as“Frenemies”or“adversarial collaboration”in bilateral relations.To some extent,these characteristics also reflect the general characteristics of relations between major powers as the world is entering a new period of turmoil and change.From the perspective of the relational theory of world politics,drawing on the concept of“Chaxu”in Chinese sociology,this paper proposes a model of diversity-orderly interaction between countries,which may explain why“adversarial collaboration”exists between Russia and Türkiye.In terms of its mechanism,there are two ways to achieve the diversity-orderly interaction model:First,states egocentrically form different networks of relations to achieve the horizontal division of interests;Second,diversities of status in the network form a differentiated ranking of states'strategic goals.Against the backdrop of deteriorating relations with the West,Russia and Türkiye have established new collaboration regimes in areas of common interests,formed a new network of relations,and realized the horizontal division of interests between the two countries;At the same time,the diversities of status in different circles of regional relations give different priorities to the strategic goals of Russia and Türkiye.The horizontal division of interests and the differentiated ranking of strategic goals have realized the intersection of the grand strategies as well as constituting the basis for the diversity-orderly interaction between Russia and Türkiye.This model also provides a new theoretical approach of understanding the stability and its change in international relations.
作者
曾向红
张峻溯
Zeng Xianghong;Zhang Junsu(Institute for Central Asian Studies and School of Politics and International Relations,Lanzhou University;School of Politics and International Relations,Lanzhou University)
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期23-53,168,169,共33页
World Economics and Politics
基金
国家社会科学基金重大研究专项项目(项目批准号:21VGQ010)的阶段性成果。
关键词
俄罗斯—土耳其关系
对抗性合作
差序互动
关系平衡
利益交换
Russian-Turkish relation
adversarial collaboration
diversity-orderly interaction
the balance of relations
exchange of interests
