摘要
林火的发生会对森林生态系统的稳定性产生胁迫,导致气候变化,是森林碳库减少的主要干扰因子之一。为探究火干扰下森林的碳损失量,以重庆缙云山典型林种针阔混交林为研究对象,利用生物量法进行估算火干扰下的枯落物层及乔灌层的碳损失量。结果表明:1)相同火干扰程度下消耗的可燃物量表现为枯落物层(41.33 t/hm^(2))>灌木层(1.28 t/hm^(2))>乔木层(0.27 t/hm^(2)),缙云山马尾松针阔混交林地表分布有大量的可燃物,导致燃烧物以枯落物及上层腐殖质为主;森林各部分可燃物的消耗量随着火干扰程度的增加而增加;2)针阔混交林枯落物层及乔木层可燃物载量主要随着熏黑高度和乔木死亡率的增加而增加,灌木层可燃物载量主要随着熏黑高度和乔木死亡率的增加而减少;3)不同程度火干扰下森林植被碳损失量有所差异,缙云山马尾松针阔混交林样地内碳损失量主要由重度火干扰提供,火干扰后造成的碳吸收损失总量为5.68 t/(km^(2)·d)。综上,缙云山针阔混交林被轻度火干扰程度最大,且以地表火为主,燃烧物主要以枯落物及上层腐殖质为主,所消耗可燃物总量较多,碳损失量较大。
[Background]Jinyun Mountain is located at the end of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,with a forest coverage rate of 96.6%,and a large area of mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests,which is an important carbon reservoir component of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Affected by extreme high temperature weather,a forest fire occurred in the southern foothills of Jinyun Mountain on August 21,2022,and the author estimated the carbon release amount of litter layer and arbor irrigation layer under this forest fire disturbance,aiming to provide a scientific reference for the calculation of carbon loss after fire disturbance and the restoration of vegetation carbon sink function.[Methods]Taking the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest of typical forest species in Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing as the research object,by dividing different levels of fire disturbance in Jinyun Mountain,setting up 12 fixed standard sample plots,biomass method was used to collect samples of trees,shrubs and litter layers after fire disturbance and undisturbed areas,comparing the differences between the two,and flux tower data was combined to estimate the carbon loss and carbon release under forest fire disturbance.[Results]1)The combustible load of litter layer and arbor layer in coniferous and brogd-leaved mixed forest mainly increased with the increase of blackening height and tree mortality.The combustible load of the shrub layer mainly decreased with the increase of blackening height and tree mortality.Combustible consumption under the same forest fire disturbance degree:litter layer(41.33 t/hm^(2))>shrub layer(1.28 t/hm^(2))>arbor layer(0.27 t/hm^(2)),the combustibles were mainly litters and upper humus.The consumption of combustibles in various parts of the forest increases with the increase of forest fire disturbance.2)There was a significant positive correlation between litter layer and arbor layer and blackening height and tree mortality(P<0.01),and the correlation with other stand investigation factors was not significant,indicating that the combustible material load of litter layer and arbor layer increased with the increase of blackening height and tree mortality in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests.There was a significantly negative correlation between shrub layer and blackening height and tree mortality(P<0.05),but not with stand investigation factors,indicating that the combustible material load of shrub layer decreased with the increase of blackening height and tree mortality after forest fire disturbance.3)The carbon emission in the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest plot in Jinyun Mountain was mainly provided by severe fire disturbance,and the total fuel consumption and carbon release of the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in Jinyun Mountain were 5468.66 kg,the carbon release amount was 2460.90 kg,and the total carbon absorption loss caused by forest fire disturbance was 5.68 t/(km^(2)·d).[Conclusions]To sum up,this study shows that the coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest of Jinyun Mountain is most disturbed by mild fire,and the surface fire is the mainstay,and the combustion materials are mainly litter and upper humus,and the total amount of combustible materials consumed is more and the total carbon release is large.The results may provide data reference for the study of carbon balance and carbon cycle in the study area,and provide a scientific basis for the later restoration of vegetation carbon sink function.
作者
尹乐
王云琦
王松年
王太强
刘玉芳
孟祥江
薛沛沛
张建聪
王琳涛
张洪珊
YIN Le;WANG Yunqi;WANG Songnian;WANG Taiqiang;LIU Yufang;MENG Xiangjiang;XUE Peipei;ZHANG Jiancong;WANG Lintao;ZHANG Hongshan(Three-Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing)Forest Ecosystem Research Station,School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,100083,Beijing,China;Three-Gorges Reservoir Area(Chongqing)Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Ministry of Education,School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,100083,Beijing,China;Chongqing Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration,400700,Chongqing,China;Chongqing Academy of Forestry Sciences,Chongqing Wuling Mountain Forest Ecosystem National Research Station,400700,Chongqing,China)
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期128-136,共9页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
北京林业大学热点追踪项目“重庆缙云山森林火灾调查和灾后植被恢复重建研究”(2022BLRD11)
重庆市科技兴林项目“重庆防护林林分结构质量精准提升技术研究”(渝林科研2020-10)。
关键词
针阔叶混交林
火干扰
碳损失量
生物量法
缙云山
coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest
fire disturbance
carbon loss
biomass method
Jinyun Mountain
