摘要
实验旨在研究两种含不同水平复合诱食剂(8%,0)的基础饲料中添加甜菜碱对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长性能、饲料利用率、脂质代谢和免疫应答的影响。共制备原料型复合诱食剂对照组(P)、豆粕替代原料型诱食剂组(N)及在二者基础上分别添加0.6%甜菜碱的PB组和NB组等四组饲料,喂养幼虾[初始体重(0.71±0.00)g]7周。结果显示,饲料中添加原料型复合诱食剂可提高对虾肝胰腺中fas、acc、sod、dorsal和relish及肠道toll和sod的表达量,而肠道中relish表达量则相反。饲料中添加甜菜碱可提高对虾肌肉灰分含量,上调对虾肝胰腺中fas、acc、sod和dorsal及肠道中sod的表达量,而降低摄食量、肌肉粗脂肪和血淋巴中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和丙二醛的含量及肝胰腺总一氧化氮合酶活性,下调肝胰腺中acox、cpt-1、myd88和relish的表达量。原料型复合诱食剂与甜菜碱在对虾的饲料系数、肝胰腺总一氧化氮合酶活力、ampk、acc、cpt-1、sod、myd88和relish表达量等指标上呈现显著的交互作用。由此可见,饲料中添加1.30%酵母提取物+4.80%鱿鱼内脏粉+1.90%鱼溶浆提高了对虾的免疫力和抗氧化能力。饲料中添加0.6%甜菜碱降低了对虾摄食量,促进了脂质利用,并上调了免疫相关基因的表达。
Feed attractants have been widely used to improve the palatability of aquatic animal feeds,but there are few studies on the effects of feed attractants on growth and health of Litopenaeus vannamei.This study aims to investigate the effects of betaine supplementations on growth performance,feed utilization,lipid metabolism,and immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei fed two levels of raw feed attractants(8%,0).Juvenile shrimp[initial body weight(0.71±0.00)g]were randomly distributed into four groups,each group included four fiberglass tanks[30 shrimp in each tank(0.3 m³)].The shrimp were fed with raw feed attractants group(P),soybean meal replacing feed attractants in P(N),raw feed attractants+betaine group(PB)and betaine supplementation group(NB)for 7 weeks,respectively.Results showed that the raw feed attractants enhanced the expression levels of fas,acc,sod,dorsal,relish in hepatopancreas,as well as toll and sod in the intestine of shrimp,while the expression levels of relish in the intestine were reversed.Betaine increased ash content in muscle,upregulated fas,acc,sod,and dorsal in hepatopancreas,as well as sod expression in the intestine,while it decreased feed intake,muscle crude lipid,low density lipoprotein cholesterol,malondialdehyde contents and total nitric oxide synthase activity in hepatopancreas,as well as the expression levels of acox,cpt-1,myd88 and relish in hepatopancreas.The interaction of raw feed attractants and betaine had significant effects on feed conversion ratio,hepatopancreas total nitric oxide synthase activity,ampk,acc,cpt-1,sod,myd88 and relish.In conclusion,a diet with 1.30%yeast extract+4.80%squid viscera powder+1.90%fish soluble improves the immunity and antioxidant capacity of shrimp.Dietary 0.6%betaine reduces feed intake and promotes lipid utilization,and up-regulates the expression of immune-related genes of shrimp.This study showed that two dietary betaine supplementations on growth,feed utilization,lipid metabolism,and immune response of white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)fed two levels of compound attractants,which provides reference value for white shrimp culture.
作者
何桂伦
谢明胜
屈康渊
陈欣
朱文博
陈政榜
谭北平
谢诗玮
HE Gui-Lun;XIE Ming-Sheng;QU Kang-Yuan;CHEN Xin;ZHU Wen-Bo;CHEN Zheng-Bang;TAN Bei-Ping;XIE Shi-Wei(Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed,College of Fisheries,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Grobest Group Holdings Limited,(CN),Fuzhou 350300,China;Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic,Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China,Ministry of Agriculture,Zhanjiang 524088,China)
出处
《水生生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期1446-1455,共10页
Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(32002402)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2021A1515010428)
广东省普通高校特色创新项目(2022KTSCX049)
湛江市科技局项目(2020A05003)资助。
关键词
诱食剂
甜菜碱
生长性能
脂质代谢
免疫应答
凡纳滨对虾
Feed attractants
Betaine
Growth performance
Lipid metabolism
Immune response
Litopenaeus vannamei
