摘要
轻量化技术是指在满足结构性能需求的前提下,通过对材料、结构和制造工艺等方面的优化,减少结构质量的技术,已经成为新一代航空航天装备发展的关键技术之一。本文首先分析了轻量化技术的发展历程。其次,从设计原理、组成方式和优化方法角度,介绍了仿生结构设计、胞元结构设计和高效拓扑优化设计三类轻量化设计方法。然后,从轻量化制造工艺和模式的角度阐述了增材制造、协同制造和复合材料制造在航空航天结构轻量化制造中的应用。最后,讨论了轻量化技术面临的挑战和未来的发展。
Lightweight technology refers to the technology of reducing the weight of structures by optimizing materials,structures,and manufacturing processes while meeting structural performance requirements.It has become one of the key technologies for the development of a new generation aerospace equipment.This paper firstly analyzes the development process of lightweight technology.Secondly,from the perspectives of design principles,composition methods,and optimization methods,three lightweight design methods are reviewed in detail:bionic structure design,cellular structure design,and efficient topology optimization design.Then,the applications of additive manufacturing,collaborative manufacturing,and composite material manufacturing in the lightweight manufacturing of aerospace structures are introduced from the perspectives of lightweight manufacturing processes and modes.Finally,the challenges and development prospects of lightweight technology are discussed.
作者
廖文和
戴宁
LIAO Wenhe;DAI Ning(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)
出处
《南京航空航天大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期347-360,共14页
Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics
关键词
轻量化设计
胞元结构设计
增材制造
复合材料制造
lightweight design
cellular structure design
additive manufacturing
composite manufacturing
