摘要
[目的]以西藏尼洋河流域作为高原生态脆弱区的典型代表,对流域1995—2020年土地利用变化影响下的生态敏感性进行探索分析,为该流域土地利用规划和生态环境保护提供理论依据。[方法]通过计算流域土地利用强度指数和生态系统服务价值,构建土地利用变化下的生态敏感性指数,基于土地利用强度指数和生态系统服务价值在各子流域内的时空变化,利用GIS空间分析技术获得尼洋河流域生态敏感性空间分布状况。[结果]1995—2020年尼洋河流域林地和建筑用地面积呈增加的趋势,而未利用地和水域面积呈下降趋势;土地利用强度指数由1.7255上升到1.7259,土地利用生态系统服务价值减少了约3000万元。土地利用强度指数上升的区域分布在下游流域;流域生态敏感性指数由0.3增加到9.4,流域中、高敏感区主要分布在中下游流域,且高敏感区面积呈扩增趋势。[结论]流域内区域生态敏感性变化由土地利用类型间的转移流动的方向所决定。总体而言,近25 a来流域生态敏感性对生态系统中土地利用变化的响应较为明显,中下游区域生态敏感性呈恶化的趋势。
[Objective]The ecological sensitivity of the the Nyang River basin in Tibet(a typical ecologically fragile plateau area)under land use changes during 1995—2020 was studied in order to provide theoretical references for land use planning and ecological environment protection in the watershed.[Methods]We calculated the watershed land use intensity index and the ecosystem service value to construct the land use change.The ecological sensitivity index was based on the temporal and spatial changes of the land use intensity index and the ecosystem service value in each sub-basin.The spatial distribution of ecological sensitivity in the Nyang River basin was obtained using GIS spatial analysis technology.[Results]The areas of woodland and construction land in the Nyang River basin increased from 1995 to 2020,while the unused land area and water area declined.The land use intensity index increased from 1.7255 to 1.7259,and the ecosystem service value of land use decreased about 30 million yuan.The areas exhibiting increasing intensity index were located in the downstream basin.The ecological sensitivity index of the basin increased from 0.3 to 9.4.The middle and high sensitive areas of the basin were mainly located in the middle and lower reaches.The extent of the high sensitive areas was increasing.[Conclusion]The change in regional ecological sensitivity for the watershed was determined by the direction of transfer and flow between land use types.Overall,the ecological sensitivity of the basin has responded more significantly to land use changes in the ecosystem over the last 25 years,with a deteriorating trend in the middle and lower reaches.
作者
郝守宁
苏立彬
郭永刚
Hao Shouning;Su Libin;Guo Yonggang(School of Ecology and Environment,Tibet University,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China;Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi,Tibet 860000,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期303-309,共7页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
西藏自治区自然科学基金项目“西藏尼洋河流域不同尺度景观格局与水质的相关性分析”(XZ202001ZR0021G)
西藏大学科研项目(2019-GSP-B002)
西藏农牧学院高层次人才科研启动费项目(2017GCC01)
重点研发及转化项目(XZ201901-GB-13)
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0407702)
丹江口水库水环境治理战略研究项目(WE0145B382019)
国家自然科学基金项目(51809288)。
