摘要
脱氧核酶是通过体外筛选得到的一种具有酶活性的功能核酸。其中,具有RNA切割功能的脱氧核酶由于具有特异性强、可编程性高及易于合成修饰的特性,已在生物传感领域得到了广泛的发展,但易受核酸酶降解、胞内传输效率低等问题限制了其在体内的应用。纳米材料尺寸小、比表面积大及生物相容性好,在生物领域展现出了出色的应用前景,RNA切割型脱氧核酶与纳米材料的结合为解决上述问题提供了新思路。综述了基于RNA切割型脱氧核酶功能化纳米材料的荧光生物传感的研究进展,首先介绍了RNA切割型脱氧核酶功能化纳米材料的常见功能化策略,随后详细讨论了基于RNA切割型脱氧核酶功能化纳米材料的荧光传感器在体内和体外检测重要生物分子的最新应用,最后就此类传感器的开发所面临的挑战和未来发展方向进行了展望。
DNAzymes are a type of functional nucleic acid that exhibit enzyme activity and are obtained through in vitro screening technology.Among these,RNA-cleaving DNAzymes have gained widespread use in the field of biosensing due to their strong specificity,high programmability,and ease of synthesis and modification.However,the easy degradation by nuclease and low intracellular transmission efficiency limit its application in vivo.Nanomaterials have exhibited excellent application prospects in the biological field due to their small size,large surface-to-volume ratio,and good biocompatibility.The integration of RNA-cleaving DNAzyme and nanomaterials provides a novel way to solve the above problems.In this review,the recent advances in fluorescence biosensing using RNA-cleaving DNAzyme functionalized nanomaterials were summarized.Initially,we discussed the common strategies for functionalizing RNA-cleaving DNAzyme nanomaterials.Next,we explored the latest applications of fluorescence sensors based on RNA-cleaving DNAzyme nanomaterials for the detection of crucial biomolecules in vitro and in vivo,highlighting key findings and breakthroughs in this field.Finally,we concluded with an overview of the challenges and potential future development directions of such sensors.
作者
张宏艳
张瑞中
张立兵
ZHANG Hong-yan;ZHANG Rui-zhong;ZHANG Li-bing(Department of Chemistry,School of Science,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)
出处
《化学试剂》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第6期35-43,共9页
Chemical Reagents
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(21904095,22004089)。
