摘要
扩展适应是企业改进现有产品和技术以扩大市场的一种重要创新方法,但现有研究对此关注较少。研究结合数字经济的时代特征,基于IPO模型,构建专利池通过大数据能力和用户创新作用于扩展适应的链式中介模型。针对高新技术企业收集了527份有效问卷,利用SPSS、AMOS软件采用结构方程模型和Bootstrap方法对模型实证检验。结果表明:专利池对扩展适应起正向作用,大数据能力和用户创新在专利池和扩展适应在其间存在单一中介作用和链式中介作用。研究为企业转变创新思路提供了新的理论视角。
With the development of the digital economy,digital technology has broken the boundaries between different industries,and products and technologies have spread across different industries.In this process,companies will accidentally discover that products and technologies from different industries can be recombined,apply in new fields and discover new functions of products and technologies,and then open up new markets.This innovative method,which is different from launching new products and new technologies,is called exaptation.Exaptation is a very important innovative method for companies to improve existing products and technologies to expand the market,but existing research has paid little attention to this.Combining the characteristics of the era of digital economy,this paper found that the ability of patent pools to integrate scattered patents,promote communication between companies in the pool,and create an environment for knowledge sharing is an important factor affecting exaptation.Moreover,digital technology is conducive to patent pools to obtain more innovative resources,and the connection with users is getting closer.Therefore,this research which has introduced two variables,big data capabilities and user innovation,is trying to reveal the mechanism of patent pools′adaptation to exaptation.To this end,this paper is based on the IPO model and constructed a chain-type intermediary model in which the patent pool acts on exaptation through big data capabilities and user innovation.Since data such as patent pools,big data capabilities,user innovation and exaptation cannot be obtained from publicly available data,the research uses questionnaires to collect data.In order to ensure the persuasiveness and reference value of the research conclusions,the questionnaire is mainly distributed to product developers,market intelligence personnel,technical R&D personnel and other relevant personnel in high-tech enterprises with strong innovation activity and initiative.Using SPSS and AMOS software to conduct hypothesis testing on the collected data using structural equation models and Bootstrap,this paper has obtained the following results which show that:(1)Patent pools have a positive impact on exaptation.Patent pools can be implemented by eliminating barriers to patent,reduce business transaction costs and promote technical exchanges between enterprises,create opportunities for the application of existing products and technologies in new areas,promote exaptation;(2)Big data capabilities play a part of the intermediary role in the positive impact of patent pools on exaptation,and companies rely on big data capabilities look for potential value in existing resources,explore new combinations of production factors,and capture unexpected discoveries;(3)User innovation plays a part of the intermediary role in the positive impact of patent pools on exaptation.Patent pools improve product quality and reduce prices expand the number of users,expand the use of existing products,and promote the discovery of new features of existing products;(4)Big data capabilities and user innovation play a chain-like intermediary role in the positive impact of patent pools on exaptation.The patent pool needs big data capabilities to integrate and analyze users′opinions and views on existing products,explore new features of the product while meeting user needs,and promote the emergence of exaptation.Both play a role of linkage between the patent pool and exaptation.Finally,this paper provides some theoretical reference and practical guidance for enterprises to transform their innovative thinking and explore the potential value of existing products and technologies.
作者
王丽平
赵丽洁
Wang Liping;Zhao Lijie(School of Management,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)
出处
《科研管理》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期166-173,共8页
Science Research Management
基金
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目:“平台生态视角下价值共创作用机制研究”(17FGL009,2017-2021)
2022年研究生教育教学研究与改革项目(ZDXM2205)。
关键词
扩展适应
专利池
大数据能力
用户创新
exaptation
patent pool
big data capability
user innovation
